--- title: Nehemiah 13:17 — Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them: 'What… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them: 'What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the sabbath day? Who acts: I, evil thing, ye. Nehemiah 13:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/13/) / 13:17 # Nehemiah 13:17 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** I, evil thing, ye · **What happens:** contend, say, be, do, profane · **To what, where:** this · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Nehemiah 13:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, evil thing, ye — and what happens in the verse to this, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וָאָרִ֕יבָה אֵ֖ת חֹרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֑ה וָאֹמְרָ֣ה לָהֶ֗ם מָֽה־הַדָּבָ֨ר הָרָ֤ע הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתֶּ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים וּֽמְחַלְּלִ֖ים אֶת־י֥וֹם הַשַּׁבָּֽת׃ [Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them: 'What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the sabbath day?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.423/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:390 # text = וָאָרִ֕יבָה אֵ֖ת חֹרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֑ה וָאֹמְרָ֣ה לָהֶ֗ם מָֽה־הַדָּבָ֨ר הָרָ֤ע הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתֶּ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים וּֽמְחַלְּלִ֖ים אֶת־י֥וֹם הַשַּׁבָּֽת׃ # verse = NEH.13.17 1-3 וָאָרִ֕יבָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:17!1|MId=o160130170011|Strong=2050b 2 אָרִ֕יב רִיב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I|Ref=NEH_13:17!1|MId=o160130170012|Strong=7378|Frame=A0:160120470061;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ָה ה X _ _ 2 nmod _ Gloss=contended|Ref=NEH_13:17!1|MId=o160130170013|Strong=1886j|Type=paragogic_he 4 אֵ֖ת אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=NEH_13:17!2|MId=o160130170021|Strong=0854 5 חֹרֵ֣י חֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=the.nobles|Ref=NEH_13:17!3|MId=o160130170031|Strong=2715 6 יְהוּדָ֑ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=NEH_13:17!4|MId=o160130170041|Strong=3063 7-9 וָאֹמְרָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:17!5|MId=o160130170051|Strong=2050b 8 אֹמְר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=NEH_13:17!5|MId=o160130170052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:160120470061;|Type=wayyiqtol 9 ָ֣ה ה X _ _ 8 nmod _ Gloss=said|Ref=NEH_13:17!5|MId=o160130170053|Strong=1886j|Type=paragogic_he 10-11 לָהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 ל לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_13:17!6|MId=o160130170061|Strong=3807a 11 ָהֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=NEH_13:17!6|MId=o160130170062|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 12 מָֽה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 8 ccomp _ Gloss=what?|Ref=NEH_13:17!7|MId=o160130170071|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 הַדָּבָ֨ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=[is].the|Ref=NEH_13:17!8|MId=o160130170081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 דָּבָ֨ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=thing|Ref=NEH_13:17!8|MId=o160130170082|Strong=1697 15-16 הָרָ֤ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_13:17!9|MId=o160130170091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 רָ֤ע רַע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 amod _ Gloss=evil|Ref=NEH_13:17!9|MId=o160130170092|Strong=7451|Type=adjective 17-18 הַזֶּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_13:17!10|MId=o160130170101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 זֶּה֙ זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 14 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=NEH_13:17!10|MId=o160130170102|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 19 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NEH_13:17!11|MId=o160130170111|Strong=0834|Type=relative 20 אַתֶּ֣ם אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=NEH_13:17!12|MId=o160130170121|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 21 עֹשִׂ֔ים עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 14 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[are].doing|Ref=NEH_13:17!13|MId=o160130170131|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:160130170121;A1:160130170082;|Type=participle_active 22-23 וּֽמְחַלְּלִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:17!14|MId=o160130170141|Strong=2050b 23 מְחַלְּלִ֖ים חָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur 21 conj _ Gloss=[you.are].profaning|Ref=NEH_13:17!14|MId=o160130170142|Strong=2490|Frame=A0:160130170031;|Type=participle_active 24 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_13:17!15|MId=o160130170151|Strong=0854|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 25 י֥וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=the.day|Ref=NEH_13:17!16|MId=o160130170161|Strong=3117 26-27 הַשַּׁבָּֽת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_13:17!17|MId=o160130170171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 שַּׁבָּֽת שַׁבָּת NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sabbath|Ref=NEH_13:17!17|MId=o160130170172|Strong=7676 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=NEH_13:17!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָרִיב *I* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | אֹמְר *I* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | עֹשִׂים *\[are\] doing* | participle active · qal | אַתֶּם *you* | דָּבָר *thing* | | | | מְחַלְּלִים *\[you are\] profaning* | participle active · piel | חֹרֵי *the nobles* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them: 'What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the sabbath day?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.423/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:390`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 13:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.16/) - next →: [Nehemiah 13:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.18/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/13/)