--- title: Nehemiah 13:24 — and their children spoke half in the speech of Ashdod, and could not… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and their children spoke half in the speech of Ashdod, and could not speak in the Jews' language, but according to the language of each people. Who acts: children. Nehemiah 13:24 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/13/) / 13:24 # Nehemiah 13:24 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** children · **What happens:** speak, not speak, accord · **To what, where:** speech, language, Ashdod · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Nehemiah 13:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children — and what happens in the verse to speech, language, Ashdod, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּבְנֵיהֶ֗ם חֲצִי֙ מְדַבֵּ֣ר אַשְׁדּוֹדִ֔ית וְאֵינָ֥ם מַכִּירִ֖ים לְדַבֵּ֣ר יְהוּדִ֑ית וְכִלְשׁ֖וֹן עַ֥ם וָעָֽם׃ [and their children spoke half in the speech of Ashdod, and could not speak in the Jews' language, but according to the language of each people.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.431/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:397 # text = וּבְנֵיהֶ֗ם חֲצִי֙ מְדַבֵּ֣ר אַשְׁדּוֹדִ֔ית וְאֵינָ֥ם מַכִּירִ֖ים לְדַבֵּ֣ר יְהוּדִ֑ית וְכִלְשׁ֖וֹן עַ֥ם וָעָֽם׃ # verse = NEH.13.24 1-3 וּבְנֵיהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:24!1|MId=o160130240011|Strong=2050b 2 בְנֵי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ Gloss=children|Ref=NEH_13:24!1|MId=o160130240012|Strong=1121 3 הֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=NEH_13:24!1|MId=o160130240013|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 4 חֲצִי֙ חֲצִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 appos _ Gloss=half|Ref=NEH_13:24!2|MId=o160130240021|Strong=2677 5 מְדַבֵּ֣ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[was].speaking|Ref=NEH_13:24!3|MId=o160130240031|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:160130240012;A1:160130240041;|Type=participle_active 6 אַשְׁדּוֹדִ֔ית אַשְׁדֹּודִי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 obj _ Gloss=Ashdodite|Ref=NEH_13:24!4|MId=o160130240041|Strong=0797|Type=gentilic 7-9 וְאֵינָ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:24!5|MId=o160130240051|Strong=2050b 8 אֵינ אַיִן ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NEH_13:24!5|MId=o160130240052|Strong=0369|Type=negative 9 ָ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=NEH_13:24!5|MId=o160130240053|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 10 מַכִּירִ֖ים נָכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 5 conj _ Gloss=[were].knowing|Ref=NEH_13:24!6|MId=o160130240061|Strong=5234|Frame=A0:160130240053;|Type=participle_active 11-12 לְדַבֵּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_13:24!7|MId=o160130240071|Strong=3807a 12 דַבֵּ֣ר דָבַר VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 10 advcl _ Gloss=speak|Ref=NEH_13:24!7|MId=o160130240072|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:160130240012;A1:160130240081;|Type=infinitive_construct 13 יְהוּדִ֑ית יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=Judean|Ref=NEH_13:24!8|MId=o160130240081|Strong=3066|Type=gentilic 14-16 וְכִלְשׁ֖וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:24!9|MId=o160130240091|Strong=2050b 15 כִ כְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=NEH_13:24!9|MId=o160130240092|Strong=3509a 16 לְשׁ֖וֹן לָשׁוֹן NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=to.[the].language|Ref=NEH_13:24!9|MId=o160130240093|Strong=3956 17 עַ֥ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.people|Ref=NEH_13:24!10|MId=o160130240101|Strong=5971 18-19 וָעָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:24!11|MId=o160130240111|Strong=2050b 19 עָֽם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=people|Ref=NEH_13:24!11|MId=o160130240112|Strong=5971 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=NEH_13:24!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מְדַבֵּר *\[was\] speaking* | participle active · piel | בְנֵי *children* | אַשְׁדּוֹדִית *Ashdodite* | | | | **not** מַכִּירִים *\[were\] knowing* | participle active · hiphil | ָם *they* | | | | | דַבֵּר *speak* | infinitive construct · piel | בְנֵי *children* | יְהוּדִית *Judean* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and their children spoke half in the speech of Ashdod, and could not speak in the Jews' language, but according to the language of each people.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.431/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:397`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 13:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.23/) - next →: [Nehemiah 13:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.25/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/13/)