--- title: Nehemiah 13:25 — And I contended with them, and cursed them, and smote certain of the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I contended with them, and cursed them, and smote certain of them, and plucked off their hair, and made them swear by God: 'Ye shall not give your daughters unto their sons, nor take their daughters for your sons, or for yourselves. Who acts: I, Jews, Ye. Nehemiah 13:25 in Hebrew with its depend --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/13/) / 13:25 # Nehemiah 13:25 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** I, Jews, Ye · **What happens:** contend, curse, smote, pluck off, make, swear · **To what, where:** Jews, certain, hair, daughters This is Nehemiah 13:25 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, Jews, Ye — and what happens in the verse to Jews, certain, hair, daughters, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וָאָרִ֤יב עִמָּם֙ וָאֲקַֽלְלֵ֔ם וָאַכֶּ֥ה מֵהֶ֛ם אֲנָשִׁ֖ים וָֽאֶמְרְטֵ֑ם וָאַשְׁבִּיעֵ֣ם בֵּֽאלֹהִ֗ים אִם־תִּתְּנ֤וּ בְנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ לִבְנֵיהֶ֔ם וְאִם־תִּשְׂאוּ֙ מִבְּנֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם לִבְנֵיכֶ֖ם וְלָכֶֽם׃ [And I contended with them, and cursed them, and smote certain of them, and plucked off their hair, and made them swear by God: 'Ye shall not give your daughters unto their sons, nor take their daughters for your sons, or for yourselves.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.432/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:398 # text = וָאָרִ֤יב עִמָּם֙ וָאֲקַֽלְלֵ֔ם וָאַכֶּ֥ה מֵהֶ֛ם אֲנָשִׁ֖ים וָֽאֶמְרְטֵ֑ם וָאַשְׁבִּיעֵ֣ם בֵּֽאלֹהִ֗ים אִם־תִּתְּנ֤וּ בְנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ לִבְנֵיהֶ֔ם וְאִם־תִּשְׂאוּ֙ מִבְּנֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם לִבְנֵיכֶ֖ם וְלָכֶֽם׃ # verse = NEH.13.25 1-2 וָאָרִ֤יב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:25!1|MId=o160130250011|Strong=2050b 2 אָרִ֤יב רִיב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.contended|Ref=NEH_13:25!1|MId=o160130250012|Strong=7378|Frame=A0:160120470061;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 עִמָּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=NEH_13:25!2|MId=o160130250021|Strong=5973 4 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=NEH_13:25!2|MId=o160130250022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5-7 וָאֲקַֽלְלֵ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:25!3|MId=o160130250031|Strong=2050b 6 אֲקַֽלְל קָלַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=NEH_13:25!3|MId=o160130250032|Strong=7043|Frame=A0:160120470061;A1:160130250033;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 ֵ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 obj _ Gloss=cursed.them|Ref=NEH_13:25!3|MId=o160130250033|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 8-9 וָאַכֶּ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:25!4|MId=o160130250041|Strong=2050b 9 אַכֶּ֥ה נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.struck|Ref=NEH_13:25!4|MId=o160130250042|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:160120470061;A0:160130250061;|Type=wayyiqtol 10-11 מֵהֶ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=some|Ref=NEH_13:25!5|MId=o160130250051|Strong=4480 11 הֶ֛ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=NEH_13:25!5|MId=o160130250052|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 12 אֲנָשִׁ֖ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 nmod _ Gloss=men|Ref=NEH_13:25!6|MId=o160130250061|Strong=0376 13-15 וָֽאֶמְרְטֵ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וָֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:25!7|MId=o160130250071|Strong=2050b 14 אֶמְרְט מָרַט VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=NEH_13:25!7|MId=o160130250072|Strong=4803|Frame=A0:160120470061;A1:160130250073;|Type=wayyiqtol 15 ֵ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obj _ Gloss=pulled.out.their.beard|Ref=NEH_13:25!7|MId=o160130250073|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 16-18 וָאַשְׁבִּיעֵ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:25!8|MId=o160130250081|Strong=2050b 17 אַשְׁבִּיע שָׁבַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=NEH_13:25!8|MId=o160130250082|Strong=7650|Frame=AA:160120470061;A0:160130250083;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 ֵ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ Gloss=made.them.take.an.oath|Ref=NEH_13:25!8|MId=o160130250083|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 19-20 בֵּֽאלֹהִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בֵּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=NEH_13:25!9|MId=o160130250091|Strong=0871a 20 אלֹהִ֗ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 obl _ Gloss=God|Ref=NEH_13:25!9|MId=o160130250092|Strong=0430 21 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 22 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=NEH_13:25!10|MId=o160130250101|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 22 תִּתְּנ֤וּ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.give|Ref=NEH_13:25!11|MId=o160130250111|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:160130250061;A1:160130250121;|Type=yiqtol 23-24 בְנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְנֹֽתֵי בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 22 obj _ Gloss=daughters|Ref=NEH_13:25!12|MId=o160130250121|Strong=1323 24 כֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=NEH_13:25!12|MId=o160130250122|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 25-27 לִבְנֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_13:25!13|MId=o160130250131|Strong=3807a 26 בְנֵי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 obl _ Gloss=sons|Ref=NEH_13:25!13|MId=o160130250132|Strong=1121 27 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=NEH_13:25!13|MId=o160130250133|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 28-29 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:25!14|MId=o160130250141|Strong=2050b 29 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=NEH_13:25!14|MId=o160130250142|Strong=0518 30 תִּשְׂאוּ֙ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 22 conj _ Gloss=you.will.take|Ref=NEH_13:25!15|MId=o160130250151|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:160130250061;A1:160130250162;|Type=yiqtol 31-33 מִבְּנֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=any|Ref=NEH_13:25!16|MId=o160130250161|Strong=4480 32 בְּנֹ֣תֵי בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 30 obj _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_13:25!16|MId=o160130250162|Strong=1323 33 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their.daughters|Ref=NEH_13:25!16|MId=o160130250163|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 34-36 לִבְנֵיכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=NEH_13:25!17|MId=o160130250171|Strong=3807a 35 בְנֵי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 30 obl _ Gloss=sons|Ref=NEH_13:25!17|MId=o160130250172|Strong=1121 36 כֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=NEH_13:25!17|MId=o160130250173|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 37-39 וְלָכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_13:25!18|MId=o160130250181|Strong=2050b 38 ל לְ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=NEH_13:25!18|MId=o160130250182|Strong=3807a 39 ָכֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 35 conj _ Gloss=yourselves|Ref=NEH_13:25!18|MId=o160130250183|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=NEH_13:25!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָרִיב *I contended* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | אֲקַֽלְל *I* | wayyiqtol · piel | | ֵם *cursed them* | | | | אַכֶּה *I struck* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | אֶמְרְט *I* | wayyiqtol · qal | | ֵם *pulled out their beard* | | | | אַשְׁבִּיע *I* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֵם *made them take an oath* | | | | | תִּתְּנוּ *you will give* | yiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | בְנֹֽתֵי *daughters* | | | | תִּשְׂאוּ *you will take* | yiqtol · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | בְּנֹתֵי *of* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I contended with them, and cursed them, and smote certain of them, and plucked off their hair, and made them swear by God: 'Ye shall not give your daughters unto their sons, nor take their daughters for your sons, or for yourselves.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.432/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:398`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 13:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.24/) - next →: [Nehemiah 13:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.13.26/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/13/)