--- title: Nehemiah 2:16 — And the rulers knew not whither I went, or what I did; neither had I… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the rulers knew not whither I went, or what I did; neither had I as yet told it to the Jews, nor to the priests, nor to the nobles, nor to the rulers, nor to the rest that did the work. Who acts: rulers, I, rest. Nehemiah 2:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ev --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/2/) / 2:16 # Nehemiah 2:16 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** rulers, I, rest · **What happens:** not know, go, do, tell · **To what, where:** wall, Jews, work · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Nehemiah 2:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — rulers, I, rest — and what happens in the verse to wall, Jews, work, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהַסְּגָנִ֗ים לֹ֤א יָדְעוּ֙ אָ֣נָה הָלַ֔כְתִּי וּמָ֖ה אֲנִ֣י עֹשֶׂ֑ה וְלַיְּהוּדִ֨ים וְלַכֹּהֲנִ֜ים וְלַחֹרִ֣ים וְלַסְּגָנִ֗ים וּלְיֶ֙תֶר֙ עֹשֵׂ֣ה הַמְּלָאכָ֔ה עַד־כֵּ֖ן לֹ֥א הִגַּֽדְתִּי׃ [And the rulers knew not whither I went, or what I did; neither had I as yet told it to the Jews, nor to the priests, nor to the nobles, nor to the rulers, nor to the rest that did the work.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.29/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:26 # text = וְהַסְּגָנִ֗ים לֹ֤א יָדְעוּ֙ אָ֣נָה הָלַ֔כְתִּי וּמָ֖ה אֲנִ֣י עֹשֶׂ֑ה וְלַיְּהוּדִ֨ים וְלַכֹּהֲנִ֜ים וְלַחֹרִ֣ים וְלַסְּגָנִ֗ים וּלְיֶ֙תֶר֙ עֹשֵׂ֣ה הַמְּלָאכָ֔ה עַד־כֵּ֖ן לֹ֥א הִגַּֽדְתִּי׃ # verse = NEH.2.16 1-3 וְהַסְּגָנִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_2:16!1|MId=o160020160011|Strong=2050b 2 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_2:16!1|MId=o160020160012|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 סְּגָנִ֗ים סָגָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ Gloss=officials|Ref=NEH_2:16!1|MId=o160020160013|Strong=5461 4 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NEH_2:16!2|MId=o160020160021|Strong=3808|Type=negative 5 יָדְעוּ֙ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.knew|Ref=NEH_2:16!3|MId=o160020160031|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:160020160013;A1:160020160051;160020160081;|Type=qatal 6 אָ֣נָה אָן PRON _ PronType=Prs 7 advmod _ Gloss=where?|Ref=NEH_2:16!4|MId=o160020160041|Strong=0575 7 הָלַ֔כְתִּי הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 5 ccomp _ Gloss=had.I.gone|Ref=NEH_2:16!5|MId=o160020160051|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:160010010021;|Type=qatal 8-9 וּמָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_2:16!6|MId=o160020160061|Strong=2050b 9 מָ֖ה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 11 obj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=NEH_2:16!6|MId=o160020160062|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 10 אֲנִ֣י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ Gloss=[was].I|Ref=NEH_2:16!7|MId=o160020160071|Strong=0589|Type=personal 11 עֹשֶׂ֑ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 7 conj _ Gloss=doing|Ref=NEH_2:16!8|MId=o160020160081|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:160020160062;A0:160020160071;|Type=participle_active 12-15 וְלַיְּהוּדִ֨ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_2:16!9|MId=o160020160091|Strong=2050b 13 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_2:16!9|MId=o160020160092|Strong=3807a 14 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_2:16!9|MId=o160020160092ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 יְּהוּדִ֨ים יְהוּדִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 37 obl _ Gloss=Jews|Ref=NEH_2:16!9|MId=o160020160093|Strong=3064|Type=gentilic 16-19 וְלַכֹּהֲנִ֜ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_2:16!10|MId=o160020160101|Strong=2050b 17 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_2:16!10|MId=o160020160102|Strong=3807a 18 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_2:16!10|MId=o160020160102ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 כֹּהֲנִ֜ים כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=priests|Ref=NEH_2:16!10|MId=o160020160103|Strong=3548 20-23 וְלַחֹרִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_2:16!11|MId=o160020160111|Strong=2050b 21 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_2:16!11|MId=o160020160112|Strong=3807a 22 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_2:16!11|MId=o160020160112ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 חֹרִ֣ים חֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=nobles|Ref=NEH_2:16!11|MId=o160020160113|Strong=2715 24-27 וְלַסְּגָנִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_2:16!12|MId=o160020160121|Strong=2050b 25 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_2:16!12|MId=o160020160122|Strong=3807a 26 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_2:16!12|MId=o160020160122ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 סְּגָנִ֗ים סָגָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=officials|Ref=NEH_2:16!12|MId=o160020160123|Strong=5461 28-30 וּלְיֶ֙תֶר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_2:16!13|MId=o160020160131|Strong=2050b 29 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_2:16!13|MId=o160020160132|Strong=3807a 30 יֶ֙תֶר֙ יֶתֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=the.rest|Ref=NEH_2:16!13|MId=o160020160133|Strong=3499 31 עֹשֵׂ֣ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.doer[s]|Ref=NEH_2:16!14|MId=o160020160141|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:160020160152;|Type=participle_active 32-33 הַמְּלָאכָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_2:16!15|MId=o160020160151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 מְּלָאכָ֔ה מְלָאכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.work|Ref=NEH_2:16!15|MId=o160020160152|Strong=4399 34 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=NEH_2:16!16|MId=o160020160161|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 35 כֵּ֖ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 37 obl _ Gloss=thus|Ref=NEH_2:16!17|MId=o160020160171|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 36 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 37 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NEH_2:16!18|MId=o160020160181|Strong=3808|Type=negative 37 הִגַּֽדְתִּי נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 5 conj _ Gloss=I.had.told|Ref=NEH_2:16!19|MId=o160020160191|Strong=5046|Frame=A0:160010010021;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=NEH_2:16!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יָדְעוּ *they knew* | qatal · qal | סְּגָנִים *officials* | הָלַכְתִּי *had I gone* + עֹשֶׂה *doing* | | | | הָלַכְתִּי *had I gone* | qatal · qal | | | | | | עֹשֶׂה *doing* | participle active · qal | אֲנִי *\[was\] I* | מָה *what?* | | | | עֹשֵׂה *of the doer\[s\]* | participle active · qal | | מְּלָאכָה *the work* | | | | **not** הִגַּֽדְתִּי *I had told* | qatal · hiphil | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the rulers knew not whither I went, or what I did; neither had I as yet told it to the Jews, nor to the priests, nor to the nobles, nor to the rulers, nor to the rest that did the work.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.29/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:26`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 2:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.15/) - next →: [Nehemiah 2:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.17/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/2/)