--- title: Nehemiah 2:8 — and a letter unto Asaph the keeper of the king's park, that he may g… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and a letter unto Asaph the keeper of the king's park, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the castle which appertaineth to the house, and for the wall of the city, and for the house that I shall enter into.' And the king granted me, according to the good hand of my God upon me --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/2/) / 2:8 # Nehemiah 2:8 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** king, castle, I · **What happens:** give, make, appertain, enter, grant, accord · **To what, where:** timber, me, beams, house This is Nehemiah 2:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, castle, I — and what happens in the verse to timber, me, beams, house, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאִגֶּ֡רֶת אֶל־אָסָף֩ שֹׁמֵ֨ר הַפַּרְדֵּ֜ס אֲשֶׁ֣ר לַמֶּ֗לֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִתֶּן־לִ֣י עֵצִ֡ים לְ֠קָרוֹת אֶת־שַׁעֲרֵ֨י הַבִּירָ֤ה אֲשֶׁר־לַבַּ֙יִת֙ וּלְחוֹמַ֣ת הָעִ֔יר וְלַבַּ֖יִת אֲשֶׁר־אָב֣וֹא אֵלָ֑יו וַיִּתֶּן־לִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כְּיַד־אֱלֹהַ֖י הַטּוֹבָ֥ה עָלָֽי׃ [and a letter unto Asaph the keeper of the king's park, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the castle which appertaineth to the house, and for the wall of the city, and for the house that I shall enter into.' And the king granted me, according to the good hand of my God upon me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.20/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:18 # text = וְאִגֶּ֡רֶת אֶל־אָסָף֩ שֹׁמֵ֨ר הַפַּרְדֵּ֜ס אֲשֶׁ֣ר לַמֶּ֗לֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִתֶּן־לִ֣י עֵצִ֡ים לְ֠קָרוֹת אֶת־שַׁעֲרֵ֨י הַבִּירָ֤ה אֲשֶׁר־לַבַּ֙יִת֙ וּלְחוֹמַ֣ת הָעִ֔יר וְלַבַּ֖יִת אֲשֶׁר־אָב֣וֹא אֵלָ֑יו וַיִּתֶּן־לִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כְּיַד־אֱלֹהַ֖י הַטּוֹבָ֥ה עָלָֽי׃ # verse = NEH.2.8 1-2 וְאִגֶּ֡רֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_2:8!1|MId=o160020080011|Strong=2050b 2 אִגֶּ֡רֶת אִגֶּרֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=a.letter|Ref=NEH_2:8!1|MId=o160020080012|Strong=0107 3 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_2:8!2|MId=o160020080021|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 4 אָסָף֩ אָסָף PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Asaph|Ref=NEH_2:8!3|MId=o160020080031|Strong=0623 5 שֹׁמֵ֨ר שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 4 appos _ Gloss=[the.one.who].kept|Ref=NEH_2:8!4|MId=o160020080041|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:160020080031;A1:160020080052;|Type=participle_active 6-7 הַפַּרְדֵּ֜ס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_2:8!5|MId=o160020080051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 פַּרְדֵּ֜ס פַּרְדֵּס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obj _ Gloss=forest|Ref=NEH_2:8!5|MId=o160020080052|Strong=6508 8 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NEH_2:8!6|MId=o160020080061|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9-11 לַמֶּ֗לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=NEH_2:8!7|MId=o160020080071|Strong=3807a 10 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_2:8!7|MId=o160020080071ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 מֶּ֗לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 acl:relcl _ Gloss=king|Ref=NEH_2:8!7|MId=o160020080072|Strong=4428 12 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=NEH_2:8!8|MId=o160020080081|Strong=0834|Type=relative 13 יִתֶּן־ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.give|Ref=NEH_2:8!9|MId=o160020080091|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:160020080031;A1:160020080111;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 לִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 ל לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_2:8!10|MId=o160020080101|Strong=3807a 15 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=NEH_2:8!10|MId=o160020080102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 16 עֵצִ֡ים עֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 obj _ Gloss=wood(s)|Ref=NEH_2:8!11|MId=o160020080111|Strong=6086 17-18 לְ֠קָרוֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ֠ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_2:8!12|MId=o160020080121|Strong=3807a 18 קָרוֹת קָרָה VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 13 xcomp _ Gloss=make.beams.for|Ref=NEH_2:8!12|MId=o160020080122|Strong=7136a|Frame=A0:160010010021;A1:160020080141;|Type=infinitive_construct 19 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_2:8!13|MId=o160020080131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 20 שַׁעֲרֵ֨י שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 obj _ Gloss=the.gates|Ref=NEH_2:8!14|MId=o160020080141|Strong=8179 21-22 הַבִּירָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_2:8!15|MId=o160020080151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 בִּירָ֤ה בִּירָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.citadel|Ref=NEH_2:8!15|MId=o160020080152|Strong=1002 23 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NEH_2:8!16|MId=o160020080161|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 24-26 לַבַּ֙יִת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=[belongs].to|Ref=NEH_2:8!17|MId=o160020080171|Strong=3807a 25 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_2:8!17|MId=o160020080171ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 בַּ֙יִת֙ בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 acl:relcl _ Gloss=house|Ref=NEH_2:8!17|MId=o160020080172|Strong=1004 27-29 וּלְחוֹמַ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_2:8!18|MId=o160020080181|Strong=2050b 28 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=NEH_2:8!18|MId=o160020080182|Strong=3807a 29 חוֹמַ֣ת חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 conj _ Gloss=the.wall|Ref=NEH_2:8!18|MId=o160020080183|Strong=2346 30-31 הָעִ֔יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_2:8!19|MId=o160020080191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 עִ֔יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.city|Ref=NEH_2:8!19|MId=o160020080192|Strong=5892 32-35 וְלַבַּ֖יִת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_2:8!20|MId=o160020080201|Strong=2050b 33 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=NEH_2:8!20|MId=o160020080202|Strong=3807a 34 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_2:8!20|MId=o160020080202ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 בַּ֖יִת בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 conj _ Gloss=house|Ref=NEH_2:8!20|MId=o160020080203|Strong=1004 36 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 37 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NEH_2:8!21|MId=o160020080211|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 37 אָב֣וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 35 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I.will.go|Ref=NEH_2:8!22|MId=o160020080221|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:160010010021;|Type=yiqtol 38-39 אֵלָ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 אֵלָ֑י אֶל ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=NEH_2:8!23|MId=o160020080231|Strong=0413 39 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=NEH_2:8!23|MId=o160020080232|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 40-41 וַיִּתֶּן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_2:8!24|MId=o160020080241|Strong=2050b 41 יִּתֶּן־ נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.gave.[them]|Ref=NEH_2:8!24|MId=o160020080242|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:160020080262;|Type=wayyiqtol 42-43 לִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 ל לְ ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_2:8!25|MId=o160020080251|Strong=3807a 43 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=NEH_2:8!25|MId=o160020080252|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 44-45 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 45 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_2:8!26|MId=o160020080261|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 45 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 41 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=NEH_2:8!26|MId=o160020080262|Strong=4428 46-47 כְּיַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 53 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=NEH_2:8!27|MId=o160020080271|Strong=3509a 47 יַד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 53 nsubj _ Gloss=to.the.hand|Ref=NEH_2:8!27|MId=o160020080272|Strong=3027 48-49 אֱלֹהַ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48 אֱלֹה אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 47 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.God|Ref=NEH_2:8!28|MId=o160020080281|Strong=0430 49 ַ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 48 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=NEH_2:8!28|MId=o160020080282|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 50-51 הַטּוֹבָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 51 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_2:8!29|MId=o160020080291|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 51 טּוֹבָ֥ה טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 47 amod _ Gloss=good|Ref=NEH_2:8!29|MId=o160020080292|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 52-53 עָלָֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52 עָל עַל ADP _ _ 53 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=NEH_2:8!30|MId=o160020080301|Strong=5921 53 ָֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=NEH_2:8!30|MId=o160020080302|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 54 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 53 punct _ Ref=NEH_2:8!30 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שֹׁמֵר *\[the one who\] kept* | participle active · qal | אָסָף *Asaph* | פַּרְדֵּס *forest* | | | | יִתֶּן־ *he will give* | yiqtol · qal | אָסָף *Asaph* | עֵצִים *wood(s)* | | | | קָרוֹת *make beams for* | infinitive construct · piel | | שַׁעֲרֵי *the gates* | | | | אָבוֹא *I will go* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | יִּתֶּן־ *he gave \[them\]* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and a letter unto Asaph the keeper of the king's park, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the castle which appertaineth to the house, and for the wall of the city, and for the house that I shall enter into.' And the king granted me, according to the good hand of my God upon me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.20/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:18`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 2:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.7/) - next →: [Nehemiah 2:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.9/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/2/)