--- title: Nehemiah 3:14 — And the dung gate repaired Malchijah the son of Rechab, the ruler of… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the dung gate repaired Malchijah the son of Rechab, the ruler of the district of Beth-cherem; he built it, and set up the doors thereof, the bolts thereof, and the bars thereof. Who acts: dung gate, son. Nehemiah 3:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every claus --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.3.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/3/) / 3:14 # Nehemiah 3:14 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** dung gate, son · **What happens:** repair, build, set up · **To what, where:** Malchijah, gate, doors This is Nehemiah 3:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — dung gate, son — and what happens in the verse to Malchijah, gate, doors, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאֵ֣ת ׀ שַׁ֣עַר הָאַשְׁפּ֗וֹת הֶחֱזִיק֙ מַלְכִּיָּ֣ה בֶן־רֵכָ֔ב שַׂ֖ר פֶּ֣לֶךְ בֵּית־הַכָּ֑רֶםבֵּית־הַכָּ֑רֶם ה֣וּא יִבְנֶ֔נּוּ וְיַעֲמִיד֙ דַּלְתֹתָ֔יו מַנְעֻלָ֖יו וּבְרִיחָֽיו׃ס [And the dung gate repaired Malchijah the son of Rechab, the ruler of the district of Beth-cherem; he built it, and set up the doors thereof, the bolts thereof, and the bars thereof.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.53/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:44 # text = וְאֵ֣ת ׀ שַׁ֣עַר הָאַשְׁפּ֗וֹת הֶחֱזִיק֙ מַלְכִּיָּ֣ה בֶן־רֵכָ֔ב שַׂ֖ר פֶּ֣לֶךְ בֵּית־הַכָּ֑רֶםבֵּית־הַכָּ֑רֶם ה֣וּא יִבְנֶ֔נּוּ וְיַעֲמִיד֙ דַּלְתֹתָ֔יו מַנְעֻלָ֖יו וּבְרִיחָֽיו׃ס # verse = NEH.3.14 1-2 וְאֵ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_3:14!1|MId=o160030140011|Strong=2050b 2 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_3:14!1|MId=o160030140012|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=NEH_3:14!1 4 שַׁ֣עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=the.gate|Ref=NEH_3:14!2|MId=o160030140021|Strong=8179 5-6 הָאַשְׁפּ֗וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_3:14!3|MId=o160030140031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אַשְׁפּ֗וֹת אַשְׁפֹּת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.dung|Ref=NEH_3:14!3|MId=o160030140032|Strong=0830 7 הֶחֱזִיק֙ חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.repaired|Ref=NEH_3:14!4|MId=o160030140041|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:160030140021;AA:160030140051;|Type=qatal 8 מַלְכִּיָּ֣ה מַלְכִּיָּה PROPN _ _ 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Malkijah|Ref=NEH_3:14!5|MId=o160030140051|Strong=4441 9 בֶן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=NEH_3:14!6|MId=o160030140061|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 10 רֵכָ֔ב רֵכָב PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Rechab|Ref=NEH_3:14!7|MId=o160030140071|Strong=7394 11 שַׂ֖ר שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 appos _ Gloss=the.official|Ref=NEH_3:14!8|MId=o160030140081|Strong=8269 12 פֶּ֣לֶךְ פֶּלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.district|Ref=NEH_3:14!9|MId=o160030140091|Strong=6418a 13-14 בֵּית־הַכָּ֑רֶםבֵּית־הַכָּ֑רֶם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בֵּית־הַכָּ֑רֶם בֵּית־הַכֶּרֶם PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_3:14!10|MId=o160030140101 14 בֵּית־הַכָּ֑רֶם בֵּית־הַכֶּרֶם PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Beth.Hakkerem|Ref=NEH_3:14!11|MId=o160030140111 15 ה֣וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=NEH_3:14!12|MId=o160030140121|Strong=1931|Type=personal 16-17 יִבְנֶ֔נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 יִבְנ בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 parataxis _ Gloss=he|Ref=NEH_3:14!13|MId=o160030140131|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:160030140111;A1:160030140122;|Type=yiqtol 17 ֶ֔נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ Gloss=rebuilt.it|Ref=NEH_3:14!13|MId=o160030140132|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 18-19 וְיַעֲמִיד֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_3:14!14|MId=o160030140141|Strong=2050b 19 יַעֲמִיד֙ עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.set.up|Ref=NEH_3:14!14|MId=o160030140142|Strong=5975|Frame=AA:160030140051;A0:160030140141;160030140151;160030140162;|Type=yiqtol 20-21 דַּלְתֹתָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 דַּלְתֹתָ֔י דֶּלֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 19 obj _ Gloss=doors|Ref=NEH_3:14!15|MId=o160030140151|Strong=1817 21 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=NEH_3:14!15|MId=o160030140152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22-23 מַנְעֻלָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מַנְעֻלָ֖י מַנְעוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 conj _ Gloss=bolts|Ref=NEH_3:14!16|MId=o160030140161|Strong=4514 23 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=NEH_3:14!16|MId=o160030140162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 24-26 וּבְרִיחָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_3:14!17|MId=o160030140171|Strong=2050b 25 בְרִיחָֽי בְּרִיחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 conj _ Gloss=bars|Ref=NEH_3:14!17|MId=o160030140172|Strong=1280 26 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=NEH_3:14!17|MId=o160030140173|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=NEH_3:14!17|SpaceAfter=No 28 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=NEH_3:14!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הֶחֱזִיק *he repaired* | qatal · hiphil | שַׁעַר *the gate* | | | מַלְכִּיָּה *Malkijah* | | יִבְנ *he* | yiqtol · qal | בֵּית־הַכָּרֶם *Beth Hakkerem* | | | | | יַעֲמִיד *he set up* | yiqtol · hiphil | וְ *and* + דַּלְתֹתָי *doors* + ו *its* | | | מַלְכִּיָּה *Malkijah* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the dung gate repaired Malchijah the son of Rechab, the ruler of the district of Beth-cherem; he built it, and set up the doors thereof, the bolts thereof, and the bars thereof.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.53/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:44`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 3:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.3.13/) - next →: [Nehemiah 3:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.3.15/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/3/)