--- title: Nehemiah 3:15 — And the fountain gate repaired Shallun the son of Colhozeh, the rule… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the fountain gate repaired Shallun the son of Colhozeh, the ruler of the district of Mizpah; he built it, and covered it, and set up the doors thereof, the bolts thereof, and the bars thereof, and the wall of the pool of Shelah by the king's garden, even unto the stairs that go down from the cit --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.3.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/3/) / 3:15 # Nehemiah 3:15 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** fountain gate, son, stairs · **What happens:** repair, build, cover, set up, go down · **To what, where:** Shallun, gate, doors, city This is Nehemiah 3:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fountain gate, son, stairs — and what happens in the verse to Shallun, gate, doors, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאֵת֩ שַׁ֨עַר הָעַ֜יִן הֶ֠חֱזִיק שַׁלּ֣וּן בֶּן־כָּל־חֹזֶה֮כָּל־חֹזֶה֮ שַׂ֣ר פֶּ֣לֶךְ הַמִּצְפָּה֒ ה֤וּא יִבְנֶ֙נּוּ֙ וִיטַֽלְלֶ֔נּוּ וְיַעֲמִיד֙ דַּלְתֹתָ֔יו מַנְעֻלָ֖יו וּבְרִיחָ֑יו וְ֠אֵת חוֹמַ֞ת בְּרֵכַ֤ת הַשֶּׁ֙לַח֙ לְגַן־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְעַד־הַֽמַּעֲל֔וֹת הַיּוֹרְד֖וֹת מֵעִ֥יר דָּוִֽיד׃ס [And the fountain gate repaired Shallun the son of Colhozeh, the ruler of the district of Mizpah; he built it, and covered it, and set up the doors thereof, the bolts thereof, and the bars thereof, and the wall of the pool of Shelah by the king's garden, even unto the stairs that go down from the city of David.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.54/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:45 # text = וְאֵת֩ שַׁ֨עַר הָעַ֜יִן הֶ֠חֱזִיק שַׁלּ֣וּן בֶּן־כָּל־חֹזֶה֮כָּל־חֹזֶה֮ שַׂ֣ר פֶּ֣לֶךְ הַמִּצְפָּה֒ ה֤וּא יִבְנֶ֙נּוּ֙ וִיטַֽלְלֶ֔נּוּ וְיַעֲמִיד֙ דַּלְתֹתָ֔יו מַנְעֻלָ֖יו וּבְרִיחָ֑יו וְ֠אֵת חוֹמַ֞ת בְּרֵכַ֤ת הַשֶּׁ֙לַח֙ לְגַן־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְעַד־הַֽמַּעֲל֔וֹת הַיּוֹרְד֖וֹת מֵעִ֥יר דָּוִֽיד׃ס # verse = NEH.3.15 1-2 וְאֵת֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_3:15!1|MId=o160030150011|Strong=2050b 2 אֵת֩ אֵת ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_3:15!1|MId=o160030150012|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 3 שַׁ֨עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=the.gate|Ref=NEH_3:15!2|MId=o160030150021|Strong=8179 4-5 הָעַ֜יִן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_3:15!3|MId=o160030150031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 עַ֜יִן עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.spring|Ref=NEH_3:15!3|MId=o160030150032|Strong=5869 6 הֶ֠חֱזִיק חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.repaired|Ref=NEH_3:15!4|MId=o160030150041|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:160030150021;AA:160030150051;|Type=qatal 7 שַׁלּ֣וּן שַׁלּוּן PROPN _ _ 6 nsubj _ Gloss=Shallun|Ref=NEH_3:15!5|MId=o160030150051|Strong=7968 8 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=NEH_3:15!6|MId=o160030150061|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 כָּל־חֹזֶה֮כָּל־חֹזֶה֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 כָּל־חֹזֶה֮ כָּל־חֹזֶה PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_3:15!7|MId=o160030150071 10 כָּל־חֹזֶה֮ כׇּלחֹזֶה PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Col-Hozeh|Ref=NEH_3:15!8|MId=o160030150081 11 שַׂ֣ר שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 appos _ Gloss=the.official|Ref=NEH_3:15!9|MId=o160030150091|Strong=8269 12 פֶּ֣לֶךְ פֶּלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.district|Ref=NEH_3:15!10|MId=o160030150101|Strong=6418a 13-14 הַמִּצְפָּה֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=NEH_3:15!11|MId=o160030150111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 מִּצְפָּה֒ מִצְפָּה PROPN _ _ 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Mizpah|Ref=NEH_3:15!11|MId=o160030150112|Strong=4709 15 ה֤וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=NEH_3:15!12|MId=o160030150121|Strong=1931|Type=personal 16-17 יִבְנֶ֙נּוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 יִבְנ בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 parataxis _ Gloss=he|Ref=NEH_3:15!13|MId=o160030150131|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:160030150111;A1:160030150122;|Type=yiqtol 17 ֶ֙נּוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ Gloss=rebuilt.it|Ref=NEH_3:15!13|MId=o160030150132|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 18-20 וִיטַֽלְלֶ֔נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וִ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_3:15!14|MId=o160030150141|Strong=2050b 19 יטַֽלְל טָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=NEH_3:15!14|MId=o160030150142|Strong=2926|Frame=A0:160030150051;A1:160030150133;|Type=yiqtol 20 ֶ֔נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ Gloss=roofed.over.it|Ref=NEH_3:15!14|MId=o160030150143|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 21-22 וְיַעֲמִיד֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_3:15!16|MId=o160030150161|Strong=2050b 22 יַעֲמִיד֙ עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=he.set.up|Ref=NEH_3:15!16|MId=o160030150162|Strong=5975|Frame=AA:160030150051;A0:160030150161;160030150171;160030150182;|Type=yiqtol 23-24 דַּלְתֹתָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 דַּלְתֹתָ֔י דֶּלֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 22 obj _ Gloss=doors|Ref=NEH_3:15!17|MId=o160030150171|Strong=1817 24 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=NEH_3:15!17|MId=o160030150172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25-26 מַנְעֻלָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 מַנְעֻלָ֖י מַנְעוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 conj _ Gloss=bolts|Ref=NEH_3:15!18|MId=o160030150181|Strong=4514 26 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=NEH_3:15!18|MId=o160030150182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27-29 וּבְרִיחָ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_3:15!19|MId=o160030150191|Strong=2050b 28 בְרִיחָ֑י בְּרִיחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 conj _ Gloss=bars|Ref=NEH_3:15!19|MId=o160030150192|Strong=1280 29 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=NEH_3:15!19|MId=o160030150193|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 30-31 וְ֠אֵת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_3:15!20|MId=o160030150201|Strong=2050b 31 אֵת אֵת ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_3:15!20|MId=o160030150202|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 32 חוֹמַ֞ת חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=the.wall|Ref=NEH_3:15!21|MId=o160030150211|Strong=2346 33 בְּרֵכַ֤ת בְּרֵכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.pool|Ref=NEH_3:15!22|MId=o160030150221|Strong=1295 34-35 הַשֶּׁ֙לַח֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=NEH_3:15!23|MId=o160030150231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 שֶּׁ֙לַח֙ שֶׁלַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Shelah|Ref=NEH_3:15!23|MId=o160030150232|Strong=7975 36-37 לְגַן־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_3:15!24|MId=o160030150241|Strong=3807a 37 גַן־ גַּן NOUN _ Number=Sing 32 nmod _ Gloss=the.garden|Ref=NEH_3:15!24|MId=o160030150242|Strong=1588 38-39 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 39 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_3:15!25|MId=o160030150251|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 39 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 37 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=NEH_3:15!25|MId=o160030150252|Strong=4428 40-41 וְעַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 43 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_3:15!26|MId=o160030150261|Strong=2050b 41 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_3:15!26|MId=o160030150262|Strong=5704 42-43 הַֽמַּעֲל֔וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 43 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_3:15!27|MId=o160030150271|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 43 מַּעֲל֔וֹת מַעֲלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 6 conj _ Gloss=steps|Ref=NEH_3:15!27|MId=o160030150272|Strong=4609 44-45 הַיּוֹרְד֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 45 mark _ Gloss=[which].go|Ref=NEH_3:15!28|MId=o160030150281|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 45 יּוֹרְד֖וֹת יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 43 acl:relcl _ Gloss=down|Ref=NEH_3:15!28|MId=o160030150282|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:160030150262;|Type=participle_active 46-47 מֵעִ֥יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 47 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NEH_3:15!29|MId=o160030150291|Strong=4480 47 עִ֥יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 45 obl _ Gloss=the.city|Ref=NEH_3:15!29|MId=o160030150292|Strong=5892 48 דָּוִֽיד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 47 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.David|Ref=NEH_3:15!30|MId=o160030150301|Strong=1732|SpaceAfter=No 49 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 48 punct _ Ref=NEH_3:15!30|SpaceAfter=No 50 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 48 punct _ Ref=NEH_3:15!30 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הֶחֱזִיק *he repaired* | qatal · hiphil | שַׁעַר *the gate* | | | שַׁלּוּן *Shallun* | | יִבְנ *he* | yiqtol · qal | הַ *of (the)* | | | | | יטַֽלְל *he* | yiqtol · piel | שַׁלּוּן *Shallun* | | | | | יַעֲמִיד *he set up* | yiqtol · hiphil | וְ *and* + דַּלְתֹתָי *doors* + ו *its* | | | שַׁלּוּן *Shallun* | | יּוֹרְדוֹת *down* | participle active · qal | עַד־ *to* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the fountain gate repaired Shallun the son of Colhozeh, the ruler of the district of Mizpah; he built it, and covered it, and set up the doors thereof, the bolts thereof, and the bars thereof, and the wall of the pool of Shelah by the king's garden, even unto the stairs that go down from the city of David.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.54/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:45`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 3:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.3.14/) - next →: [Nehemiah 3:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.3.16/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/3/)