--- title: Nehemiah 4:10 — And it came to pass from that time forth, that half of my servants w… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass from that time forth, that half of my servants wrought in the work, and half of them held the spears, the shields, and the bows, and the coats of mail; and the rulers were behind all the house of Judah. Who acts: rest, half, rulers. Nehemiah 4:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tre --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/4/) / 4:10 # Nehemiah 4:10 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** rest, half, rulers · **What happens:** come, pass, wrought, hold, be · **To what, where:** work, spears, house This is Nehemiah 4:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — rest, half, rulers — and what happens in the verse to work, spears, house, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֣י ׀ מִן־הַיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא חֲצִ֣י נְעָרַי֮ עֹשִׂ֣ים בַּמְּלָאכָה֒ וְחֶצְיָ֗ם מַחֲזִיקִים֙ וְהָרְמָחִ֣ים הַמָּגִנִּ֔ים וְהַקְּשָׁת֖וֹת וְהַשִּׁרְיֹנִ֑ים וְהַ֨שָּׂרִ֔ים אַחֲרֵ֖י כָּל־בֵּ֥ית יְהוּדָֽה׃ [And it came to pass from that time forth, that half of my servants wrought in the work, and half of them held the spears, the shields, and the bows, and the coats of mail; and the rulers were behind all the house of Judah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.92/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:78 # text = וַיְהִ֣י ׀ מִן־הַיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא חֲצִ֣י נְעָרַי֮ עֹשִׂ֣ים בַּמְּלָאכָה֒ וְחֶצְיָ֗ם מַחֲזִיקִים֙ וְהָרְמָחִ֣ים הַמָּגִנִּ֔ים וְהַקְּשָׁת֖וֹת וְהַשִּׁרְיֹנִ֑ים וְהַ֨שָּׂרִ֔ים אַחֲרֵ֖י כָּל־בֵּ֥ית יְהוּדָֽה׃ # verse = NEH.4.10 1-2 וַיְהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:10!1|MId=o160040100011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֣י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=NEH_4:10!1|MId=o160040100012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=NEH_4:10!1 4 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NEH_4:10!2|MId=o160040100021|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הַיּ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_4:10!3|MId=o160040100031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 יּ֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=NEH_4:10!3|MId=o160040100032|Strong=3117 7-8 הַה֗וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_4:10!4|MId=o160040100041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 ה֗וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=NEH_4:10!4|MId=o160040100042|Strong=1931|Type=personal 9 חֲצִ֣י חֲצִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=(the).half|Ref=NEH_4:10!5|MId=o160040100051|Strong=2677 10-11 נְעָרַי֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 נְעָר נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.young.men|Ref=NEH_4:10!6|MId=o160040100061|Strong=5288 11 ַי֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=NEH_4:10!6|MId=o160040100062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12 עֹשִׂ֣ים עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[were].doing|Ref=NEH_4:10!7|MId=o160040100071|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:160040100051;|Type=participle_active 13-15 בַּמְּלָאכָה֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=NEH_4:10!8|MId=o160040100081|Strong=0871a 14 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_4:10!8|MId=o160040100081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 מְּלָאכָה֒ מְלָאכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=work|Ref=NEH_4:10!8|MId=o160040100082|Strong=4399 16-18 וְחֶצְיָ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:10!9|MId=o160040100091|Strong=2050b 17 חֶצְי חֲצִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=half|Ref=NEH_4:10!9|MId=o160040100092|Strong=2677 18 ָ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=NEH_4:10!9|MId=o160040100093|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 19 מַחֲזִיקִים֙ חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=[were].holding|Ref=NEH_4:10!10|MId=o160040100101|Strong=2388|Frame=AA:160040100092;A0:160040100113;160040100122;160040100133;160040100143;|Type=participle_active 20-22 וְהָרְמָחִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:10!11|MId=o160040100111|Strong=2050b 21 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_4:10!11|MId=o160040100112|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 רְמָחִ֣ים רֹמַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 obj _ Gloss=spears|Ref=NEH_4:10!11|MId=o160040100113|Strong=7420 23-24 הַמָּגִנִּ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_4:10!12|MId=o160040100121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 מָּגִנִּ֔ים מָגֵן NOUN _ Number=Plur 22 conj _ Gloss=shields|Ref=NEH_4:10!12|MId=o160040100122|Strong=4043 25-27 וְהַקְּשָׁת֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:10!13|MId=o160040100131|Strong=2050b 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_4:10!13|MId=o160040100132|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 קְּשָׁת֖וֹת קֶשֶׁת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 22 conj _ Gloss=bows|Ref=NEH_4:10!13|MId=o160040100133|Strong=7198 28-30 וְהַשִּׁרְיֹנִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:10!14|MId=o160040100141|Strong=2050b 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the.body|Ref=NEH_4:10!14|MId=o160040100142|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 שִּׁרְיֹנִ֑ים שִׁרְיוֹן NOUN _ Number=Plur 22 conj _ Gloss=armor(s)|Ref=NEH_4:10!14|MId=o160040100143|Strong=8302a 31-33 וְהַ֨שָּׂרִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:10!15|MId=o160040100151|Strong=2050b 32 הַ֨ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_4:10!15|MId=o160040100152|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 שָּׂרִ֔ים שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 35 nsubj _ Gloss=commanders|Ref=NEH_4:10!15|MId=o160040100153|Strong=8269 34 אַחֲרֵ֖י אַחַר ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=[were].behind|Ref=NEH_4:10!16|MId=o160040100161|Strong=0310 35 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=NEH_4:10!17|MId=o160040100171|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 36 בֵּ֥ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=NEH_4:10!18|MId=o160040100181|Strong=1004 37 יְהוּדָֽה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 36 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=NEH_4:10!19|MId=o160040100191|Strong=3063|SpaceAfter=No 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=NEH_4:10!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֹשִׂים *\[were\] doing* | participle active · qal | חֲצִי *(the) half* | | | | | מַחֲזִיקִים *\[were\] holding* | participle active · hiphil | רְמָחִים *spears* + מָּגִנִּים *shields* + קְּשָׁתוֹת *bows* + שִּׁרְיֹנִים *armor(s)* | | | חֶצְי *half* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass from that time forth, that half of my servants wrought in the work, and half of them held the spears, the shields, and the bows, and the coats of mail; and the rulers were behind all the house of Judah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.92/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:78`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 4:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.9/) - next →: [Nehemiah 4:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.11/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/4/)