--- title: Nehemiah 4:13 — And I said unto the nobles, and to the rulers and to the rest of the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I said unto the nobles, and to the rulers and to the rest of the people: 'The work is great and large, and we are separated upon the wall, one far from another; Who acts: I, work. Nehemiah 4:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/4/) / 4:13 # Nehemiah 4:13 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** I, work · **What happens:** say, be, separate · **To what, where:** we · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Nehemiah 4:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, work — and what happens in the verse to we, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וָאֹמַ֞ר אֶל־הַחֹרִ֤ים וְאֶל־הַסְּגָנִים֙ וְאֶל־יֶ֣תֶר הָעָ֔ם הַמְּלָאכָ֥ה הַרְבֵּ֖ה וּרְחָבָ֑ה וַאֲנַ֗חְנוּ נִפְרָדִים֙ עַל־הַ֣חוֹמָ֔ה רְחוֹקִ֖ים אִ֥ישׁ מֵאָחִֽיו׃ [And I said unto the nobles, and to the rulers and to the rest of the people: 'The work is great and large, and we are separated upon the wall, one far from another;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.96/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:81 # text = וָאֹמַ֞ר אֶל־הַחֹרִ֤ים וְאֶל־הַסְּגָנִים֙ וְאֶל־יֶ֣תֶר הָעָ֔ם הַמְּלָאכָ֥ה הַרְבֵּ֖ה וּרְחָבָ֑ה וַאֲנַ֗חְנוּ נִפְרָדִים֙ עַל־הַ֣חוֹמָ֔ה רְחוֹקִ֖ים אִ֥ישׁ מֵאָחִֽיו׃ # verse = NEH.4.13 1-2 וָאֹמַ֞ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:13!1|MId=o160040130011|Strong=2050b 2 אֹמַ֞ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.said|Ref=NEH_4:13!1|MId=o160040130012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:160010010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_4:13!2|MId=o160040130021|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 הַחֹרִ֤ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_4:13!3|MId=o160040130031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 חֹרִ֤ים חֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=nobles|Ref=NEH_4:13!3|MId=o160040130032|Strong=2715 6-7 וְאֶל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:13!4|MId=o160040130041|Strong=2050b 7 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_4:13!4|MId=o160040130042|Strong=0413 8-9 הַסְּגָנִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_4:13!5|MId=o160040130051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 סְּגָנִים֙ סָגָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 conj _ Gloss=officials|Ref=NEH_4:13!5|MId=o160040130052|Strong=5461 10-11 וְאֶל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:13!6|MId=o160040130061|Strong=2050b 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_4:13!6|MId=o160040130062|Strong=0413 12 יֶ֣תֶר יֶתֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=the.rest|Ref=NEH_4:13!7|MId=o160040130071|Strong=3499 13-14 הָעָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_4:13!8|MId=o160040130081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 עָ֔ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=NEH_4:13!8|MId=o160040130082|Strong=5971 15-16 הַמְּלָאכָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_4:13!9|MId=o160040130091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 מְּלָאכָ֥ה מְלָאכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ Gloss=work|Ref=NEH_4:13!9|MId=o160040130092|Strong=4399 17 הַרְבֵּ֖ה רָבָה ADV _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 ccomp _ Gloss=[is].much|Ref=NEH_4:13!10|MId=o160040130101|Strong=7235b|Type=infinitive_absolute 18-19 וּרְחָבָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:13!11|MId=o160040130111|Strong=2050b 19 רְחָבָ֑ה רָחָב ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 amod _ Gloss=extensive|Ref=NEH_4:13!11|MId=o160040130112|Strong=7342|Type=adjective 20-21 וַאֲנַ֗חְנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:13!12|MId=o160040130121|Strong=2050b 21 אֲנַ֗חְנוּ אֲנַחְנוּ PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=NEH_4:13!12|MId=o160040130122|Strong=0587|Type=personal 22 נִפְרָדִים֙ פָּרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 17 conj _ Gloss=[are].separated|Ref=NEH_4:13!13|MId=o160040130131|Strong=6504|Frame=A1:160040130122;|Type=participle_active 23 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=NEH_4:13!14|MId=o160040130141|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 הַ֣חוֹמָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ֣ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_4:13!15|MId=o160040130151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 חוֹמָ֔ה חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=wall|Ref=NEH_4:13!15|MId=o160040130152|Strong=2346 26 רְחוֹקִ֖ים רָחֹוק ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 advmod _ Gloss=[are].distant|Ref=NEH_4:13!16|MId=o160040130161|Strong=7350|Type=adjective 27 אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=each|Ref=NEH_4:13!17|MId=o160040130171|Strong=0376 28-30 מֵאָחִֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=NEH_4:13!18|MId=o160040130181|Strong=4480 29 אָחִֽי אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 nmod _ Gloss=brother|Ref=NEH_4:13!18|MId=o160040130182|Strong=0251 30 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=NEH_4:13!18|MId=o160040130183|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=NEH_4:13!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אֹמַר *I said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | נִפְרָדִים *\[are\] separated* | participle active · niphal | | אֲנַחְנוּ *we* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I said unto the nobles, and to the rulers and to the rest of the people: 'The work is great and large, and we are separated upon the wall, one far from another;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.96/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:81`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 4:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.12/) - next →: [Nehemiah 4:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.14/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/4/)