--- title: Nehemiah 4:5 — And our adversaries said: 'They shall not know, neither see, till we… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And our adversaries said: 'They shall not know, neither see, till we come into the midst of them, and slay them, and cause the work to cease.' Who acts: adversaries, we, work. Nehemiah 4:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/4/) / 4:5 # Nehemiah 4:5 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** adversaries, we, work · **What happens:** say, not know, see, come, slay, cause · **To what, where:** midst, adversaries, work · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Nehemiah 4:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — adversaries, we, work — and what happens in the verse to midst, adversaries, work, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ צָרֵ֗ינוּ לֹ֤א יֵדְעוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יִרְא֔וּ עַ֛ד אֲשֶׁר־נָב֥וֹא אֶל־תּוֹכָ֖ם וַהֲרַגְנ֑וּם וְהִשְׁבַּ֖תְנוּ אֶת־הַמְּלָאכָֽה׃ [And our adversaries said: 'They shall not know, neither see, till we come into the midst of them, and slay them, and cause the work to cease.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.87/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:73 # text = וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ צָרֵ֗ינוּ לֹ֤א יֵדְעוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יִרְא֔וּ עַ֛ד אֲשֶׁר־נָב֥וֹא אֶל־תּוֹכָ֖ם וַהֲרַגְנ֑וּם וְהִשְׁבַּ֖תְנוּ אֶת־הַמְּלָאכָֽה׃ # verse = NEH.4.5 1-2 וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:5!1|MId=o160040050011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּאמְר֣וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=NEH_4:5!1|MId=o160040050012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:160040050021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 צָרֵ֗ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 צָרֵ֗י צַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=foes|Ref=NEH_4:5!2|MId=o160040050021|Strong=6862a 4 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_4:5!2|MId=o160040050022|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 5 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 6 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NEH_4:5!3|MId=o160040050031|Strong=3808|Type=negative 6 יֵדְעוּ֙ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=they.will.know|Ref=NEH_4:5!4|MId=o160040050041|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:160010010021;160040040021;|Type=yiqtol 7-8 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:5!5|MId=o160040050051|Strong=2050b 8 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NEH_4:5!5|MId=o160040050052|Strong=3808|Type=negative 9 יִרְא֔וּ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=they.will.see|Ref=NEH_4:5!6|MId=o160040050061|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:160010010021;160040040021;|Type=yiqtol 10 עַ֛ד עַד ADP _ _ 6 parataxis _ Gloss=until|Ref=NEH_4:5!7|MId=o160040050071|Strong=5704 11 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=NEH_4:5!8|MId=o160040050081|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 12 נָב֥וֹא בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 10 parataxis _ Gloss=we.will.come|Ref=NEH_4:5!9|MId=o160040050091|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:160040050021;|Type=yiqtol 13 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=NEH_4:5!10|MId=o160040050101|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 תּוֹכָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 תּוֹכ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=NEH_4:5!11|MId=o160040050111|Strong=8432 15 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=the.midst|Ref=NEH_4:5!11|MId=o160040050112|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 16-18 וַהֲרַגְנ֑וּם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:5!12|MId=o160040050121|Strong=2050b 17 הֲרַגְנ֑וּ הָרַג VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 12 conj _ Gloss=we|Ref=NEH_4:5!12|MId=o160040050122|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:160040050021;A1:160040050123;|Type=weqatal 18 ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ Gloss=will.kill.them|Ref=NEH_4:5!12|MId=o160040050123|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 19-20 וְהִשְׁבַּ֖תְנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_4:5!13|MId=o160040050131|Strong=2050b 20 הִשְׁבַּ֖תְנוּ שָׁבַת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=1 12 conj _ Gloss=we.will.put.an.end.to|Ref=NEH_4:5!13|MId=o160040050132|Strong=7673|Frame=AA:160040050021;A0:160040050152;|Type=weqatal 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_4:5!14|MId=o160040050141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 הַמְּלָאכָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_4:5!15|MId=o160040050151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 מְּלָאכָֽה מְלָאכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=work|Ref=NEH_4:5!15|MId=o160040050152|Strong=4399 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=NEH_4:5!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | צָרֵי *foes* | | | | | **not** יֵדְעוּ *they will know* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** יִרְאוּ *they will see* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | נָבוֹא *we will come* | yiqtol · qal | צָרֵי *foes* | | | | | הֲרַגְנוּ *we* | weqatal · qal | צָרֵי *foes* | ם *will kill them* | | | | הִשְׁבַּתְנוּ *we will put an end to* | weqatal · hiphil | מְּלָאכָֽה *work* | | | צָרֵי *foes* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And our adversaries said: 'They shall not know, neither see, till we come into the midst of them, and slay them, and cause the work to cease.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.87/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:73`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 4:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.4/) - next →: [Nehemiah 4:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.6/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/4/)