--- title: Nehemiah 5:5 — Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children; and, lo, we bring into bondage our sons and our daughters to be servants, and some of our daughters are brought into bondage already; neither is it in our power to help it; for other men have our fields and our vineya --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.5.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/5/) / 5:5 # Nehemiah 5:5 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** flesh, we, other men · **What happens:** be, bring, help, have · **To what, where:** sons, bondage, servants, some, power, flesh This is Nehemiah 5:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — flesh, we, other men — and what happens in the verse to sons, bondage, servants, some, power, flesh, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַתָּ֗ה כִּבְשַׂ֤ר אַחֵ֙ינוּ֙ בְּשָׂרֵ֔נוּ כִּבְנֵיהֶ֖ם בָּנֵ֑ינוּ וְהִנֵּ֣ה אֲנַ֣חְנוּ כֹ֠בְשִׁים אֶת־בָּנֵ֨ינוּ וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֵ֜ינוּ לַעֲבָדִ֗ים וְיֵ֨שׁ מִבְּנֹתֵ֤ינוּ נִכְבָּשׁוֹת֙ וְאֵ֣ין לְאֵ֣ל יָדֵ֔נוּ וּשְׂדֹתֵ֥ינוּ וּכְרָמֵ֖ינוּ לַאֲחֵרִֽים׃ [Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children; and, lo, we bring into bondage our sons and our daughters to be servants, and some of our daughters are brought into bondage already; neither is it in our power to help it; for other men have our fields and our vineyards.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.105/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:90 # text = וְעַתָּ֗ה כִּבְשַׂ֤ר אַחֵ֙ינוּ֙ בְּשָׂרֵ֔נוּ כִּבְנֵיהֶ֖ם בָּנֵ֑ינוּ וְהִנֵּ֣ה אֲנַ֣חְנוּ כֹ֠בְשִׁים אֶת־בָּנֵ֨ינוּ וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֵ֜ינוּ לַעֲבָדִ֗ים וְיֵ֨שׁ מִבְּנֹתֵ֤ינוּ נִכְבָּשׁוֹת֙ וְאֵ֣ין לְאֵ֣ל יָדֵ֔נוּ וּשְׂדֹתֵ֥ינוּ וּכְרָמֵ֖ינוּ לַאֲחֵרִֽים׃ # verse = NEH.5.5 1-2 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_5:5!1|MId=o160050050011|Strong=2050b 2 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=now|Ref=NEH_5:5!1|MId=o160050050012|Strong=6258 3-4 כִּבְשַׂ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=[is].like|Ref=NEH_5:5!2|MId=o160050050021|Strong=3509a 4 בְשַׂ֤ר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=the.flesh|Ref=NEH_5:5!2|MId=o160050050022|Strong=1320 5-6 אַחֵ֙ינוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אַחֵ֙י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=our.countrymen|Ref=NEH_5:5!3|MId=o160050050031|Strong=0251 6 נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_5:5!3|MId=o160050050032|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 7-8 בְּשָׂרֵ֔נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בְּשָׂר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Gloss=flesh|Ref=NEH_5:5!4|MId=o160050050041|Strong=1320 8 ֵ֔נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_5:5!4|MId=o160050050042|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 9-11 כִּבְנֵיהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=[are].like|Ref=NEH_5:5!5|MId=o160050050051|Strong=3509a 10 בְנֵי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 parataxis _ Gloss=children|Ref=NEH_5:5!5|MId=o160050050052|Strong=1121 11 הֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=NEH_5:5!5|MId=o160050050053|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 12-13 בָּנֵ֑ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בָּנֵ֑י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ Gloss=children|Ref=NEH_5:5!6|MId=o160050050061|Strong=1121 13 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_5:5!6|MId=o160050050062|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 14-15 וְהִנֵּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_5:5!7|MId=o160050050071|Strong=2050b 15 הִנֵּ֣ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 17 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=NEH_5:5!7|MId=o160050050072|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 16 אֲנַ֣חְנוּ אֲנַחְנוּ PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ Gloss=we|Ref=NEH_5:5!8|MId=o160050050081|Strong=0587|Type=personal 17 כֹ֠בְשִׁים כָּבַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=[are].forcing.into.slavery|Ref=NEH_5:5!9|MId=o160050050091|Strong=3533|Frame=A0:160050050081;A1:160050050111;160050050131;|Type=participle_active 18 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_5:5!10|MId=o160050050101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 בָּנֵ֨ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בָּנֵ֨י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 obj _ Gloss=sons|Ref=NEH_5:5!11|MId=o160050050111|Strong=1121 20 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_5:5!11|MId=o160050050112|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 21-22 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_5:5!12|MId=o160050050121|Strong=2050b 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_5:5!12|MId=o160050050122|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 23-24 בְּנֹתֵ֜ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּנֹתֵ֜י בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 19 conj _ Gloss=daughters|Ref=NEH_5:5!13|MId=o160050050131|Strong=1323 24 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_5:5!13|MId=o160050050132|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 25-26 לַעֲבָדִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_5:5!14|MId=o160050050141|Strong=3807a 26 עֲבָדִ֗ים עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 obl _ Gloss=slaves|Ref=NEH_5:5!14|MId=o160050050142|Strong=5650 27-28 וְיֵ֨שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_5:5!15|MId=o160050050151|Strong=2050b 28 יֵ֨שׁ יֵשׁ ADV _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=(there)|Ref=NEH_5:5!15|MId=o160050050152|Strong=3426|Type=demonstrative 29-31 מִבְּנֹתֵ֤ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=some|Ref=NEH_5:5!16|MId=o160050050161|Strong=4480 30 בְּנֹתֵ֤י בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 28 obl _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_5:5!16|MId=o160050050162|Strong=1323 31 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our.daughters|Ref=NEH_5:5!16|MId=o160050050163|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 32 נִכְבָּשׁוֹת֙ כָּבַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ Gloss=[are.being].forced.into.slavery|Ref=NEH_5:5!17|MId=o160050050171|Strong=3533|Type=participle_passive 33-34 וְאֵ֣ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_5:5!18|MId=o160050050181|Strong=2050b 34 אֵ֣ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=NEH_5:5!18|MId=o160050050182|Strong=0369|Type=negative 35-36 לְאֵ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_5:5!19|MId=o160050050191|Strong=3807a 36 אֵ֣ל אֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 obl _ Gloss=the.power|Ref=NEH_5:5!19|MId=o160050050192|Strong=0410a 37-38 יָדֵ֔נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 36 compound:smixut _ Gloss=our.hand|Ref=NEH_5:5!20|MId=o160050050201|Strong=3027 38 ֵ֔נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_5:5!20|MId=o160050050202|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 39-41 וּשְׂדֹתֵ֥ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 46 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_5:5!21|MId=o160050050211|Strong=2050b 40 שְׂדֹתֵ֥י שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 46 nsubj _ Gloss=fields|Ref=NEH_5:5!21|MId=o160050050212|Strong=7704 41 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_5:5!21|MId=o160050050213|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 42-44 וּכְרָמֵ֖ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 43 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_5:5!22|MId=o160050050221|Strong=2050b 43 כְרָמֵ֖י כֶּרֶם NOUN _ Number=Plur 40 conj _ Gloss=vineyards|Ref=NEH_5:5!22|MId=o160050050222|Strong=3754 44 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_5:5!22|MId=o160050050223|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 45-46 לַאֲחֵרִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 46 case _ Gloss=[belong].to|Ref=NEH_5:5!23|MId=o160050050231|Strong=3807a 46 אֲחֵרִֽים אַחֵר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=others|Ref=NEH_5:5!23|MId=o160050050232|Strong=0312|Type=adjective 47 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 46 punct _ Ref=NEH_5:5!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | כֹבְשִׁים *\[are\] forcing into slavery* | participle active · qal | אֲנַחְנוּ *we* | בָּנֵי *sons* + בְּנֹתֵי *daughters* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Yet now our flesh is as the flesh of our brethren, our children as their children; and, lo, we bring into bondage our sons and our daughters to be servants, and some of our daughters are brought into bondage already; neither is it in our power to help it; for other men have our fields and our vineyards.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.105/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:90`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 5:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.5.4/) - next →: [Nehemiah 5:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.5.6/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/5/)