--- title: Nehemiah 6:17 — Moreover in those days the nobles of Judah sent many letters unto To… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Moreover in those days the nobles of Judah sent many letters unto Tobiah, and the letters of Tobiah came unto them. Who acts: nobles, letters. Nehemiah 6:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.6.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/6/) / 6:17 # Nehemiah 6:17 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** nobles, letters · **What happens:** send, come, letter · **To what, where:** many letters, Tobiah This is Nehemiah 6:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — nobles, letters — and what happens in the verse to many letters, Tobiah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. גַּ֣ם ׀ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֗ם מַרְבִּ֞ים חֹרֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ אִגְּרֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם הוֹלְכ֖וֹת עַל־טוֹבִיָּ֑ה וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר לְטוֹבִיָּ֖ה בָּא֥וֹת אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ [Moreover in those days the nobles of Judah sent many letters unto Tobiah, and the letters of Tobiah came unto them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.140/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:121 # text = גַּ֣ם ׀ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֗ם מַרְבִּ֞ים חֹרֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ אִגְּרֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם הוֹלְכ֖וֹת עַל־טוֹבִיָּ֑ה וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר לְטוֹבִיָּ֖ה בָּא֥וֹת אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ # verse = NEH.6.17 1 גַּ֣ם גַּם ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=NEH_6:17!1|MId=o160060170011|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=NEH_6:17!1 3-5 בַּיָּמִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NEH_6:17!2|MId=o160060170021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_6:17!2|MId=o160060170021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 יָּמִ֣ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=NEH_6:17!2|MId=o160060170022|Strong=3117 6-7 הָהֵ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_6:17!3|MId=o160060170031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 הֵ֗ם הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 det _ Gloss=those|Ref=NEH_6:17!3|MId=o160060170032|Strong=1992|Type=personal 8 מַרְבִּ֞ים רָבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[were].multiplying|Ref=NEH_6:17!4|MId=o160060170041|Strong=7235|Frame=AA:160060170051;A0:160060170071;|Type=participle_active 9 חֹרֵ֤י חֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ Gloss=the.nobles|Ref=NEH_6:17!5|MId=o160060170051|Strong=2715 10 יְהוּדָה֙ יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=NEH_6:17!6|MId=o160060170061|Strong=3063 11-12 אִגְּרֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 אִגְּרֹ֣תֵי אִגֶּרֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 8 obj _ Gloss=letters|Ref=NEH_6:17!7|MId=o160060170071|Strong=0107 12 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=NEH_6:17!7|MId=o160060170072|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13 הוֹלְכ֖וֹת הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 11 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[which.were].going|Ref=NEH_6:17!8|MId=o160060170081|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:160060170071;|Type=participle_active 14 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_6:17!9|MId=o160060170091|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 15 טוֹבִיָּ֑ה טֹובִיָּה PROPN _ _ 13 obl _ Gloss=Tobiah|Ref=NEH_6:17!10|MId=o160060170101|Strong=2900 16-17 וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and.[those]|Ref=NEH_6:17!11|MId=o160060170111|Strong=2050b 17 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NEH_6:17!11|MId=o160060170112|Strong=0834|Type=relative 18-19 לְטוֹבִיָּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=[belonged].to|Ref=NEH_6:17!12|MId=o160060170121|Strong=3807a 19 טוֹבִיָּ֖ה טֹובִיָּה PROPN _ _ 20 nsubj _ Gloss=Tobiah|Ref=NEH_6:17!12|MId=o160060170122|Strong=2900 20 בָּא֥וֹת בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 8 conj _ Gloss=[were].coming|Ref=NEH_6:17!13|MId=o160060170131|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:160060170122;|Type=participle_active 21-22 אֲלֵיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_6:17!14|MId=o160060170141|Strong=0413 22 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=NEH_6:17!14|MId=o160060170142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=NEH_6:17!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מַרְבִּים *\[were\] multiplying* | participle active · hiphil | אִגְּרֹתֵי *letters* | | | חֹרֵי *the nobles* | | הוֹלְכוֹת *\[which were\] going* | participle active · qal | אִגְּרֹתֵי *letters* | | | | | בָּאוֹת *\[were\] coming* | participle active · qal | טוֹבִיָּה *Tobiah* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Moreover in those days the nobles of Judah sent many letters unto Tobiah, and the letters of Tobiah came unto them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.140/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:121`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 6:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.6.16/) - next →: [Nehemiah 6:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.6.18/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/6/)