--- title: Nehemiah 6:18 — For there were many in Judah sworn unto him, because he was the son-… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For there were many in Judah sworn unto him, because he was the son-in-law of Shecaniah the son of Arah; and his son Jehohanan had taken the daughter of Meshullam the son of Berechiah to wife. Who acts: many, Judah, son. Nehemiah 6:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.6.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/6/) / 6:18 # Nehemiah 6:18 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** many, Judah, son · **What happens:** be, swear, take · **To what, where:** son, law, daughter, wife This is Nehemiah 6:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — many, Judah, son — and what happens in the verse to son, law, daughter, wife, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּי־רַבִּ֣ים בִּֽיהוּדָ֗ה בַּעֲלֵ֤י שְׁבוּעָה֙ ל֔וֹ כִּי־חָתָ֥ן ה֖וּא לִשְׁכַנְיָ֣ה בֶן־אָרַ֑ח וִֽיהוֹחָנָ֣ן בְּנ֔וֹ לָקַ֕ח אֶת־בַּת־מְשֻׁלָּ֖ם בֶּ֥ן בֶּֽרֶכְיָֽה׃ [For there were many in Judah sworn unto him, because he was the son-in-law of Shecaniah the son of Arah; and his son Jehohanan had taken the daughter of Meshullam the son of Berechiah to wife.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.141/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:122 # text = כִּי־רַבִּ֣ים בִּֽיהוּדָ֗ה בַּעֲלֵ֤י שְׁבוּעָה֙ ל֔וֹ כִּי־חָתָ֥ן ה֖וּא לִשְׁכַנְיָ֣ה בֶן־אָרַ֑ח וִֽיהוֹחָנָ֣ן בְּנ֔וֹ לָקַ֕ח אֶת־בַּת־מְשֻׁלָּ֖ם בֶּ֥ן בֶּֽרֶכְיָֽה׃ # verse = NEH.6.18 1 כִּי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=NEH_6:18!1|MId=o160060180011|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 2 רַבִּ֣ים רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ Gloss=many.[people]|Ref=NEH_6:18!2|MId=o160060180021|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 3-4 בִּֽיהוּדָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בִּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=NEH_6:18!3|MId=o160060180031|Strong=0871a 4 יהוּדָ֗ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=NEH_6:18!3|MId=o160060180032|Strong=3063 5 בַּעֲלֵ֤י בַּעַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[were].lords|Ref=NEH_6:18!4|MId=o160060180041|Strong=1167 6 שְׁבוּעָה֙ שְׁבוּעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.oath|Ref=NEH_6:18!5|MId=o160060180051|Strong=7621 7-8 ל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 ל לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_6:18!6|MId=o160060180061|Strong=3807a 8 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=NEH_6:18!6|MId=o160060180062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9 כִּי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=NEH_6:18!7|MId=o160060180071|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 10 חָתָ֥ן חָתָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 advcl _ Gloss=[was].a.son-in-law|Ref=NEH_6:18!8|MId=o160060180081|Strong=2860 11 ה֖וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=NEH_6:18!9|MId=o160060180091|Strong=1931|Type=personal 12-13 לִשְׁכַנְיָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=NEH_6:18!10|MId=o160060180101|Strong=3807a 13 שְׁכַנְיָ֣ה שְׁכַנְיָה PROPN _ _ 10 obl _ Gloss=Shecaniah|Ref=NEH_6:18!10|MId=o160060180102|Strong=7935 14 בֶן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=NEH_6:18!11|MId=o160060180111|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 15 אָרַ֑ח אָרַח PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Arah|Ref=NEH_6:18!12|MId=o160060180121|Strong=0733 16-17 וִֽיהוֹחָנָ֣ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וִֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_6:18!13|MId=o160060180131|Strong=2050b 17 יהוֹחָנָ֣ן יְהוֹחָנָן PROPN _ _ 20 nsubj _ Gloss=Jehohanan|Ref=NEH_6:18!13|MId=o160060180132|Strong=3076 18-19 בְּנ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בְּנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 appos _ Gloss=son|Ref=NEH_6:18!14|MId=o160060180141|Strong=1121 19 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=NEH_6:18!14|MId=o160060180142|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20 לָקַ֕ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=he.had.taken|Ref=NEH_6:18!15|MId=o160060180151|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:160060180132;A1:160060180171;|Type=qatal 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_6:18!16|MId=o160060180161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 22 בַּת־ בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=the.daughter|Ref=NEH_6:18!17|MId=o160060180171|Strong=1323|SpaceAfter=No 23 מְשֻׁלָּ֖ם מְשֻׁלָּם PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Meshullam|Ref=NEH_6:18!18|MId=o160060180181|Strong=4918 24 בֶּ֥ן בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=NEH_6:18!19|MId=o160060180191|Strong=1121 25 בֶּֽרֶכְיָֽה בֶּרֶכְיָה PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Berekiah|Ref=NEH_6:18!20|MId=o160060180201|Strong=1296|SpaceAfter=No 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=NEH_6:18!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | לָקַח *he had taken* | qatal · qal | יהוֹחָנָן *Jehohanan* | בַּת־ *the daughter* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For there were many in Judah sworn unto him, because he was the son-in-law of Shecaniah the son of Arah; and his son Jehohanan had taken the daughter of Meshullam the son of Berechiah to wife.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.141/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:122`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 6:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.6.17/) - next →: [Nehemiah 6:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.6.19/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/6/)