--- title: Nehemiah 6:19 — Also they spoke of his good deeds before me, and reported my words t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Also they spoke of his good deeds before me, and reported my words to him. And Tobiah sent letters to put me in fear. Who acts: nations, my, Tobiah. Nehemiah 6:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.6.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/6/) / 6:19 # Nehemiah 6:19 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** nations, my, Tobiah · **What happens:** speak, report, word, send, put · **To what, where:** words, Judah, letters, me, fear · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Nehemiah 6:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — nations, my, Tobiah — and what happens in the verse to words, Judah, letters, me, fear, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. גַּ֣ם טוֹבֹתָ֗יו הָי֤וּ אֹמְרִים֙ לְפָנַ֔י וּדְבָרַ֕י הָי֥וּ מוֹצִיאִ֖ים ל֑וֹ אִגְּר֛וֹת שָׁלַ֥ח טוֹבִיָּ֖ה לְיָֽרְאֵֽנִי׃ [Also they spoke of his good deeds before me, and reported my words to him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.142/) [And Tobiah sent letters to put me in fear.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.143/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:123 # text = גַּ֣ם טוֹבֹתָ֗יו הָי֤וּ אֹמְרִים֙ לְפָנַ֔י וּדְבָרַ֕י הָי֥וּ מוֹצִיאִ֖ים ל֑וֹ אִגְּר֛וֹת שָׁלַ֥ח טוֹבִיָּ֖ה לְיָֽרְאֵֽנִי׃ # verse = NEH.6.19 1 גַּ֣ם גַּם ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=NEH_6:19!1|MId=o160060190011|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 2-3 טוֹבֹתָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 טוֹבֹתָ֗י טוֹבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 5 obj _ Gloss=deeds|Ref=NEH_6:19!2|MId=o160060190021|Strong=2896b|Type=adjective 3 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his.good|Ref=NEH_6:19!2|MId=o160060190022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 4 הָי֤וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=NEH_6:19!3|MId=o160060190031|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:160060180021;|Type=qatal 5 אֹמְרִים֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=telling|Ref=NEH_6:19!4|MId=o160060190041|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:160060180021;A1:160060190021;|Type=participle_active 6-8 לְפָנַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=NEH_6:19!5|MId=o160060190051|Strong=3807a 7 פָנ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 5 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=NEH_6:19!5|MId=o160060190052|Strong=6440 8 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=me|Ref=NEH_6:19!5|MId=o160060190053|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9-11 וּדְבָרַ֕י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_6:19!6|MId=o160060190061|Strong=2050b 10 דְבָר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 obj _ Gloss=words|Ref=NEH_6:19!6|MId=o160060190062|Strong=1697 11 ַ֕י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=NEH_6:19!6|MId=o160060190063|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12 הָי֥וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 13 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=NEH_6:19!7|MId=o160060190071|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:160060180021;|Type=qatal 13 מוֹצִיאִ֖ים יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 5 conj _ Gloss=sending.out|Ref=NEH_6:19!8|MId=o160060190081|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:160060180021;A0:160060190062;|Type=participle_active 14-15 ל֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 ל לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_6:19!9|MId=o160060190091|Strong=3807a 15 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=NEH_6:19!9|MId=o160060190092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16 אִגְּר֛וֹת אִגֶּרֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 17 obj _ Gloss=letters|Ref=NEH_6:19!10|MId=o160060190101|Strong=0107 17 שָׁלַ֥ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=he.sent|Ref=NEH_6:19!11|MId=o160060190111|Strong=7971|Frame=A1:160060190101;A0:160060190121;|Type=qatal 18 טוֹבִיָּ֖ה טֹובִיָּה PROPN _ _ 17 nsubj _ Gloss=Tobiah|Ref=NEH_6:19!12|MId=o160060190121|Strong=2900 19-21 לְיָֽרְאֵֽנִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_6:19!13|MId=o160060190131|Strong=3807a 20 יָֽרְא יָרֵא VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 17 advcl _ Gloss=make|Ref=NEH_6:19!13|MId=o160060190132|Strong=3372|Frame=A0:160060190121;A1:160060190133;|Type=infinitive_construct 21 ֵֽנִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=me.afraid|Ref=NEH_6:19!13|MId=o160060190133|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=NEH_6:19!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיוּ *they were* | qatal · qal | | | | | | אֹמְרִים *telling* | participle active · qal | | טוֹבֹתָי *deeds* | | | | הָיוּ *they were* | qatal · qal | | | | | | מוֹצִיאִים *sending out* | participle active · hiphil | דְבָר *words* | | | | | שָׁלַח *he sent* | qatal · qal | טוֹבִיָּה *Tobiah* | אִגְּרוֹת *letters* | | | | יָֽרְא *make* | infinitive construct · piel | טוֹבִיָּה *Tobiah* | ֵֽנִי *me afraid* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Also they spoke of his good deeds before me, and reported my words to him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.142/) 2. [And Tobiah sent letters to put me in fear.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.143/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:123`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 6:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.6.18/) - next →: [Nehemiah 7:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.7.1/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/6/)