--- title: Nehemiah 9:32 — Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awful God, wh… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awful God, who keepest covenant and mercy, let not all the travail seem little before Thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all Thy people, since the time --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.9.32/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/9/) / 9:32 # Nehemiah 9:32 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** awful God, you, travail · **What happens:** keep, not let, seem, come · **To what, where:** covenant, travail This is Nehemiah 9:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — awful God, you, travail — and what happens in the verse to covenant, travail, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַתָּ֣ה אֱ֠לֹהֵינוּ הָאֵ֨ל הַגָּד֜וֹל הַגִּבּ֣וֹר וְהַנּוֹרָא֮ שׁוֹמֵ֣ר הַבְּרִ֣ית וְהַחֶסֶד֒ אַל־יִמְעַ֣ט לְפָנֶ֡יךָ אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַתְּלָאָ֣ה אֲֽשֶׁר־מְ֠צָאַתְנוּ לִמְלָכֵ֨ינוּ לְשָׂרֵ֧ינוּ וּלְכֹהֲנֵ֛ינוּ וְלִנְבִיאֵ֥נוּ וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ וּלְכָל־עַמֶּ֑ךָ מִימֵי֙ מַלְכֵ֣י אַשּׁ֔וּר עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ [Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awful God, who keepest covenant and mercy, let not all the travail seem little before Thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all Thy people, since the time of the kings of Assyria unto this day.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.273/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:245 # text = וְעַתָּ֣ה אֱ֠לֹהֵינוּ הָאֵ֨ל הַגָּד֜וֹל הַגִּבּ֣וֹר וְהַנּוֹרָא֮ שׁוֹמֵ֣ר הַבְּרִ֣ית וְהַחֶסֶד֒ אַל־יִמְעַ֣ט לְפָנֶ֡יךָ אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַתְּלָאָ֣ה אֲֽשֶׁר־מְ֠צָאַתְנוּ לִמְלָכֵ֨ינוּ לְשָׂרֵ֧ינוּ וּלְכֹהֲנֵ֛ינוּ וְלִנְבִיאֵ֥נוּ וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ וּלְכָל־עַמֶּ֑ךָ מִימֵי֙ מַלְכֵ֣י אַשּׁ֔וּר עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ # verse = NEH.9.32 1-2 וְעַתָּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_9:32!1|MId=o160090320011|Strong=2050b 2 עַתָּ֣ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=NEH_9:32!1|MId=o160090320012|Strong=6258 3-4 אֱ֠לֹהֵינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֱ֠לֹהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 dislocated _ Gloss=our.God|Ref=NEH_9:32!2|MId=o160090320021|Strong=0430 4 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=O|Ref=NEH_9:32!2|MId=o160090320022|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 5-6 הָאֵ֨ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_9:32!3|MId=o160090320031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אֵ֨ל אֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=NEH_9:32!3|MId=o160090320032|Strong=0410 7-8 הַגָּד֜וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_9:32!4|MId=o160090320041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 גָּד֜וֹל גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=NEH_9:32!4|MId=o160090320042|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 9-10 הַגִּבּ֣וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_9:32!5|MId=o160090320051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 גִּבּ֣וֹר גִּבּוֹר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 amod _ Gloss=mighty|Ref=NEH_9:32!5|MId=o160090320052|Strong=1368|Type=adjective 11-13 וְהַנּוֹרָא֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_9:32!6|MId=o160090320061|Strong=2050b 12 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_9:32!6|MId=o160090320062|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 נּוֹרָא֮ יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 8 conj _ Gloss=awesome|Ref=NEH_9:32!6|MId=o160090320063|Strong=3372|Frame=A1:160090320032;|Type=participle_active 14 שׁוֹמֵ֣ר שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 6 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[who].keeps|Ref=NEH_9:32!7|MId=o160090320071|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:160090320032;A1:160090320082;160090320093;|Type=participle_active 15-16 הַבְּרִ֣ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_9:32!8|MId=o160090320081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 בְּרִ֣ית בְּרִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=covenant|Ref=NEH_9:32!8|MId=o160090320082|Strong=1285 17-19 וְהַחֶסֶד֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and.(the)|Ref=NEH_9:32!9|MId=o160090320091|Strong=2050b 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=covenant|Ref=NEH_9:32!9|MId=o160090320092|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 חֶסֶד֒ חֶסֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 conj _ Gloss=loyalty|Ref=NEH_9:32!9|MId=o160090320093|Strong=2617 20 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NEH_9:32!10|MId=o160090320101|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 21 יִמְעַ֣ט מָעַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=let.it.be.small|Ref=NEH_9:32!11|MId=o160090320111|Strong=4591|Frame=A0:160090320152;|Type=jussive 22-24 לְפָנֶ֡יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=NEH_9:32!12|MId=o160090320121|Strong=3807a 23 פָנֶ֡י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 21 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=NEH_9:32!12|MId=o160090320122|Strong=6440 24 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=you|Ref=NEH_9:32!12|MId=o160090320123|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 25 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_9:32!13|MId=o160090320131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 26 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=NEH_9:32!14|MId=o160090320141|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 27-28 הַתְּלָאָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_9:32!15|MId=o160090320151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 תְּלָאָ֣ה תְּלָאָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=hardship|Ref=NEH_9:32!15|MId=o160090320152|Strong=8513 29 אֲֽשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NEH_9:32!16|MId=o160090320161|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 מְ֠צָאַתְנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 מְ֠צָאַת מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 26 acl:relcl _ Gloss=it|Ref=NEH_9:32!17|MId=o160090320171|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:160090320152;|Type=qatal 31 ְנוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 obl _ Gloss=has.come.upon.us|Ref=NEH_9:32!17|MId=o160090320172|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 32-34 לִמְלָכֵ֨ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_9:32!18|MId=o160090320181|Strong=3807a 33 מְלָכֵ֨י מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 conj _ Gloss=kings|Ref=NEH_9:32!18|MId=o160090320182|Strong=4428 34 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_9:32!18|MId=o160090320183|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 35-37 לְשָׂרֵ֧ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_9:32!19|MId=o160090320191|Strong=3807a 36 שָׂרֵ֧י שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 conj _ Gloss=leaders|Ref=NEH_9:32!19|MId=o160090320192|Strong=8269 37 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_9:32!19|MId=o160090320193|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 38-41 וּלְכֹהֲנֵ֛ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 40 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_9:32!20|MId=o160090320201|Strong=2050b 39 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 40 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_9:32!20|MId=o160090320202|Strong=3807a 40 כֹהֲנֵ֛י כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 conj _ Gloss=priests|Ref=NEH_9:32!20|MId=o160090320203|Strong=3548 41 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_9:32!20|MId=o160090320204|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 42-45 וְלִנְבִיאֵ֥נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 44 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_9:32!21|MId=o160090320211|Strong=2050b 43 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 44 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_9:32!21|MId=o160090320212|Strong=3807a 44 נְבִיא נָבִיא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 conj _ Gloss=prophets|Ref=NEH_9:32!21|MId=o160090320213|Strong=5030 45 ֵ֥נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_9:32!21|MId=o160090320214|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 46-49 וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 48 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_9:32!22|MId=o160090320221|Strong=2050b 47 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 48 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_9:32!22|MId=o160090320222|Strong=3807a 48 אֲבֹתֵ֖י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 31 conj _ Gloss=ancestors|Ref=NEH_9:32!22|MId=o160090320223|Strong=0001 49 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 48 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_9:32!22|MId=o160090320224|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 50-52 וּלְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 52 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_9:32!23|MId=o160090320231|Strong=2050b 51 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 52 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_9:32!23|MId=o160090320232|Strong=3807a 52 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=NEH_9:32!23|MId=o160090320233|Strong=3605 53-54 עַמֶּ֑ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 53 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 52 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=NEH_9:32!24|MId=o160090320241|Strong=5971 54 ֶ֑ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 53 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=NEH_9:32!24|MId=o160090320242|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 55-56 מִימֵי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 55 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 56 case _ Gloss=since|Ref=NEH_9:32!25|MId=o160090320251|Strong=4480 56 ימֵי֙ יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 30 obl _ Gloss=the.days|Ref=NEH_9:32!25|MId=o160090320252|Strong=3117 57 מַלְכֵ֣י מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 56 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.kings|Ref=NEH_9:32!26|MId=o160090320261|Strong=4428 58 אַשּׁ֔וּר אַשּׁוּר PROPN _ _ 57 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Assyria|Ref=NEH_9:32!27|MId=o160090320271|Strong=0804 59 עַ֖ד עַד ADP _ _ 61 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=NEH_9:32!28|MId=o160090320281|Strong=5704 60-61 הַיּ֥וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 60 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 61 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=NEH_9:32!29|MId=o160090320291|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 61 יּ֥וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 56 conj _ Gloss=day|Ref=NEH_9:32!29|MId=o160090320292|Strong=3117 62-63 הַזֶּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 62 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 63 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=NEH_9:32!30|MId=o160090320301|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 63 זֶּֽה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 61 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=NEH_9:32!30|MId=o160090320302|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 64 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 63 punct _ Ref=NEH_9:32!30 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נּוֹרָא *awesome* | participle active · niphal | | אֵל *God* | | | | שׁוֹמֵר *\[who\] keeps* | participle active · qal | אֵל *God* | בְּרִית *covenant* + חֶסֶד *loyalty* | | | | **not** יִמְעַט *let it be small* | jussive · qal | תְּלָאָה *hardship* | | | | | מְצָאַת *it* | qatal · qal | תְּלָאָה *hardship* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awful God, who keepest covenant and mercy, let not all the travail seem little before Thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all Thy people, since the time of the kings of Assyria unto this day.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.273/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:245`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 9:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.9.31/) - next →: [Nehemiah 9:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.9.33/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/9/)