--- title: Nehemiah 9:34 — neither have our kings, our princes, our priests, nor our fathers, k… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: neither have our kings, our princes, our priests, nor our fathers, kept Thy law, nor hearkened unto Thy commandments and Thy testimonies, wherewith Thou didst testify against them. Who acts: kings, Thou, Thy. Nehemiah 9:34 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clau --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.9.34/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/9/) / 9:34 # Nehemiah 9:34 נְחֶמְיָה **Who acts:** kings, Thou, Thy · **What happens:** keep, hearken, testify, command · **To what, where:** law · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Nehemiah 9:34 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — kings, Thou, Thy — and what happens in the verse to law, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאֶת־מְלָכֵ֤ינוּ שָׂרֵ֙ינוּ֙ כֹּהֲנֵ֣ינוּ וַאֲבֹתֵ֔ינוּ לֹ֥א עָשׂ֖וּ תּוֹרָתֶ֑ךָ וְלֹ֤א הִקְשִׁ֙יבוּ֙ אֶל־מִצְוֺתֶ֔יךָ וּלְעֵ֣דְוֺתֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הַעִידֹ֖תָ בָּהֶֽם׃ [neither have our kings, our princes, our priests, nor our fathers, kept Thy law, nor hearkened unto Thy commandments and Thy testimonies, wherewith Thou didst testify against them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.275/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:NEH:247 # text = וְאֶת־מְלָכֵ֤ינוּ שָׂרֵ֙ינוּ֙ כֹּהֲנֵ֣ינוּ וַאֲבֹתֵ֔ינוּ לֹ֥א עָשׂ֖וּ תּוֹרָתֶ֑ךָ וְלֹ֤א הִקְשִׁ֙יבוּ֙ אֶל־מִצְוֺתֶ֔יךָ וּלְעֵ֣דְוֺתֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הַעִידֹ֖תָ בָּהֶֽם׃ # verse = NEH.9.34 1-2 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_9:34!1|MId=o160090340011|Strong=2050b 2 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=NEH_9:34!1|MId=o160090340012|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 3-4 מְלָכֵ֤ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 מְלָכֵ֤י מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ Gloss=kings|Ref=NEH_9:34!2|MId=o160090340021|Strong=4428 4 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_9:34!2|MId=o160090340022|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 5-6 שָׂרֵ֙ינוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 שָׂרֵ֙י שַׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=leaders|Ref=NEH_9:34!3|MId=o160090340031|Strong=8269 6 נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_9:34!3|MId=o160090340032|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 7-8 כֹּהֲנֵ֣ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 כֹּהֲנֵ֣י כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=priests|Ref=NEH_9:34!4|MId=o160090340041|Strong=3548 8 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_9:34!4|MId=o160090340042|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 9-11 וַאֲבֹתֵ֔ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_9:34!5|MId=o160090340051|Strong=2050b 10 אֲבֹתֵ֔י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=ancestors|Ref=NEH_9:34!5|MId=o160090340052|Strong=0001 11 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=NEH_9:34!5|MId=o160090340053|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 12 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NEH_9:34!6|MId=o160090340061|Strong=3808|Type=negative 13 עָשׂ֖וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.did|Ref=NEH_9:34!7|MId=o160090340071|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:160090340021;160090340031;160090340041;160090340052;A1:160090340081;|Type=qatal 14-15 תּוֹרָתֶ֑ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 תּוֹרָת תּוֹרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=law|Ref=NEH_9:34!8|MId=o160090340081|Strong=8451 15 ֶ֑ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=NEH_9:34!8|MId=o160090340082|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 16-17 וְלֹ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_9:34!9|MId=o160090340091|Strong=2050b 17 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=NEH_9:34!9|MId=o160090340092|Strong=3808|Type=negative 18 הִקְשִׁ֙יבוּ֙ קָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 13 conj _ Gloss=they.paid.attention|Ref=NEH_9:34!10|MId=o160090340101|Strong=7181|Frame=A0:160090340021;160090340031;160090340041;160090340052;|Type=qatal 19 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_9:34!11|MId=o160090340111|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 20-21 מִצְוֺתֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 מִצְוֺתֶ֔י מִצְוָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 18 obl _ Gloss=commandments|Ref=NEH_9:34!12|MId=o160090340121|Strong=4687 21 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=NEH_9:34!12|MId=o160090340122|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 22-25 וּלְעֵ֣דְוֺתֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=NEH_9:34!13|MId=o160090340131|Strong=2050b 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=NEH_9:34!13|MId=o160090340132|Strong=3807a 24 עֵ֣דְוֺתֶ֔י עֵדוּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 20 conj _ Gloss=testimonies|Ref=NEH_9:34!13|MId=o160090340133|Strong=5715 25 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=NEH_9:34!13|MId=o160090340134|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 26 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 27 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=NEH_9:34!14|MId=o160090340141|Strong=0834|Type=relative 27 הַעִידֹ֖תָ עוּד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 24 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.admonished|Ref=NEH_9:34!15|MId=o160090340151|Strong=5749a|Frame=AA:160090320021;A0:160090340133;|Type=qatal 28-29 בָּהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=NEH_9:34!16|MId=o160090340161|Strong=0871a 29 ָהֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=NEH_9:34!16|MId=o160090340162|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=NEH_9:34!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** עָשׂוּ *they did* | qatal · qal | מְלָכֵי *kings* + שָׂרֵי *leaders* + כֹּהֲנֵי *priests* + אֲבֹתֵי *ancestors* | תּוֹרָת *law* | | | | **not** הִקְשִׁיבוּ *they paid attention* | qatal · hiphil | מְלָכֵי *kings* + שָׂרֵי *leaders* + כֹּהֲנֵי *priests* + אֲבֹתֵי *ancestors* | | | | | הַעִידֹתָ *you admonished* | qatal · hiphil | עֵדְוֺתֶי *testimonies* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [neither have our kings, our princes, our priests, nor our fathers, kept Thy law, nor hearkened unto Thy commandments and Thy testimonies, wherewith Thou didst testify against them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.275/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:NEH:247`. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 9:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.9.33/) - next →: [Nehemiah 9:35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.9.35/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/9/)