--- title: Proverbs 19:7 — All the brethren of the poor do hate him; how much more do his frien… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: All the brethren of the poor do hate him; how much more do his friends go far from him! He that pursueth words, they turn against him. Who acts: brethren, friends. Proverbs 19:7 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.19.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Proverbs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/19/) / 19:7 # Proverbs 19:7 מִשְׁלֵי **Who acts:** brethren, friends · **What happens:** hate, go, pursue, turn · **To what, where:** poor, words This is Proverbs 19:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — brethren, friends — and what happens in the verse to poor, words, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כָּ֥ל אֲחֵי־רָ֨שׁ ׀ שְֽׂנֵאֻ֗הוּ אַ֤ף כִּ֣י מְ֭רֵעֵהוּ רָחֲק֣וּ מִמֶּ֑נּוּ מְרַדֵּ֖ף אֲמָרִ֣ים לוֹ־הֵֽמָּה׃ [All the brethren of the poor do hate him; how much more do his friends go far from him!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.535/) [He that pursueth words, they turn against him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.536/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PRO:531 # text = כָּ֥ל אֲחֵי־רָ֨שׁ ׀ שְֽׂנֵאֻ֗הוּ אַ֤ף כִּ֣י מְ֭רֵעֵהוּ רָחֲק֣וּ מִמֶּ֑נּוּ מְרַדֵּ֖ף אֲמָרִ֣ים לוֹ־הֵֽמָּה׃ # verse = PRO.19.7 1 כָּ֥ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=PRO_19:7!1|MId=o200190070011|Strong=3605 2 אֲחֵי־ אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 compound:smixut _ Gloss=[the].brothers|Ref=PRO_19:7!2|MId=o200190070021|Strong=0251|SpaceAfter=No 3 רָ֨שׁ רוּשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[one.who.is].poor|Ref=PRO_19:7!3|MId=o200190070031|Strong=7326|Type=participle_active 4 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 3 punct _ Ref=PRO_19:7!3 5-6 שְֽׂנֵאֻ֗הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 שְֽׂנֵאֻ֗ שָׂנֵא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they|Ref=PRO_19:7!4|MId=o200190070041|Strong=8130|Frame=A0:200190070021;A1:200190070042;|Type=qatal 6 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obj _ Gloss=hate.him|Ref=PRO_19:7!4|MId=o200190070042|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 7 אַ֤ף אַף ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=indeed?|Ref=PRO_19:7!5|MId=o200190070051|Strong=0637|Type=affirmation 8 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=PRO_19:7!6|MId=o200190070061|Strong=3588 9-10 מְ֭רֵעֵהוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 מְ֭רֵע מֵרֵעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=friend[s]|Ref=PRO_19:7!7|MId=o200190070071|Strong=4828 10 ֵהוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his.close|Ref=PRO_19:7!7|MId=o200190070072|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 11 רָחֲק֣וּ רָחַק VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=they.are.distant|Ref=PRO_19:7!8|MId=o200190070081|Strong=7368|Frame=A0:200190070071;|Type=qatal 12-13 מִמֶּ֑נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 מִמּ מִן ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=PRO_19:7!9|MId=o200190070091|Strong=4480 13 ֶ֑נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=PRO_19:7!9|MId=o200190070092|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 14 מְרַדֵּ֖ף רָדַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ Gloss=[he.is].pursuing|Ref=PRO_19:7!10|MId=o200190070101|Strong=7291|Frame=A0:200190070031;A1:200190070111;|Type=participle_active 15 אֲמָרִ֣ים אֵמֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 obj _ Gloss=words|Ref=PRO_19:7!11|MId=o200190070111|Strong=0561 16-17 לוֹ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 ל לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=PRO_19:7!13|MId=o200190070131|Strong=3807a 17 וֹ־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 parataxis _ Gloss=him|Ref=PRO_19:7!13|MId=o200190070132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18 הֵֽמָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=PRO_19:7!14|MId=o200190070141|Strong=1992|Type=personal|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=PRO_19:7!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שְֽׂנֵאֻ *they* | qatal · qal | אֲחֵי־ *\[the\] brothers* | הוּ *hate him* | | | | רָחֲקוּ *they are distant* | qatal · qal | מְרֵע *friend\[s\]* | | | | | מְרַדֵּף *\[he is\] pursuing* | participle active · piel | רָשׁ *of \[one who is\] poor* | אֲמָרִים *words* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} כּוּלְהוֹן רָחֲמוֹי דְמִסְכְּנָא סָנְיָן לֵיהּ וְאַף חַבְרוֹי רָחֲקִין מִנֵיהּ אִיכָּא דְטָרֵךְ בְּמִלוֹי לָא שְׁרִיר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [All the brethren of the poor do hate him; how much more do his friends go far from him!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.535/) 2. [He that pursueth words, they turn against him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.536/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PRO:531`. - ← previous: [Proverbs 19:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.19.6/) - next →: [Proverbs 19:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.19.8/) - ↑ back to [Proverbs 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/19/)