--- title: Proverbs 22:29 — Seest thou a man diligent in his business? he shall stand before kin… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Seest thou a man diligent in his business? he shall stand before kings; he shall not stand before mean men. Who acts: thou, man. Proverbs 22:29 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.22.29/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Proverbs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/22/) / 22:29 # Proverbs 22:29 מִשְׁלֵי **Who acts:** thou, man · **What happens:** see, stand, not stand · **To what, where:** man This is Proverbs 22:29 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, man — and what happens in the verse to man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. חָזִ֡יתָ אִ֤ישׁ ׀ מָ֘הִ֤יר בִּמְלַאכְתּ֗וֹ לִֽפְנֵֽי־מְלָכִ֥ים יִתְיַצָּ֑ב בַּל־יִ֝תְיַצֵּב לִפְנֵ֥י חֲשֻׁכִּֽים׃פ [Seest thou a man diligent in his business? he shall stand before kings; he shall not stand before mean men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.648/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PRO:643 # text = חָזִ֡יתָ אִ֤ישׁ ׀ מָ֘הִ֤יר בִּמְלַאכְתּ֗וֹ לִֽפְנֵֽי־מְלָכִ֥ים יִתְיַצָּ֑ב בַּל־יִ֝תְיַצֵּב לִפְנֵ֥י חֲשֻׁכִּֽים׃פ # verse = PRO.22.29 1 חָזִ֡יתָ חָזָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.see|Ref=PRO_22:29!1|MId=o200220290011|Strong=2372|Frame=A0:200190270021;A1:200220290021;|Type=qatal 2 אִ֤ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obj _ Gloss=a.person|Ref=PRO_22:29!2|MId=o200220290021|Strong=0376 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=PRO_22:29!2 4 מָ֘הִ֤יר מָהִיר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 amod _ Gloss=skilled|Ref=PRO_22:29!3|MId=o200220290031|Strong=4106|Type=adjective 5-7 בִּמְלַאכְתּ֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=PRO_22:29!4|MId=o200220290041|Strong=0871a 6 מְלַאכְתּ מְלֶאכֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 nmod _ Gloss=work|Ref=PRO_22:29!4|MId=o200220290042|Strong=4399 7 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=PRO_22:29!4|MId=o200220290043|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8-9 לִֽפְנֵֽי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לִֽ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=PRO_22:29!5|MId=o200220290051|Strong=3807a 9 פְנֵֽי־ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 11 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=PRO_22:29!5|MId=o200220290052|Strong=6440 10 מְלָכִ֥ים מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=kings|Ref=PRO_22:29!6|MId=o200220290061|Strong=4428 11 יִתְיַצָּ֑ב יָצַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.take.his.stand|Ref=PRO_22:29!7|MId=o200220290071|Strong=3320|Frame=A0:200220290021;|Type=yiqtol 12 בַּל־ בַּל ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=PRO_22:29!8|MId=o200220290081|Strong=1077|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 13 יִ֝תְיַצֵּב יָצַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.take.his.stand|Ref=PRO_22:29!9|MId=o200220290091|Strong=3320|Frame=A0:200220290021;|Type=yiqtol 14-15 לִפְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=PRO_22:29!10|MId=o200220290101|Strong=3807a 15 פְנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 13 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=PRO_22:29!10|MId=o200220290102|Strong=6440 16 חֲשֻׁכִּֽים חָשֹׁךְ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=insignificant.[people]|Ref=PRO_22:29!11|MId=o200220290111|Strong=2823|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 17 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=PRO_22:29!11|SpaceAfter=No 18 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=PRO_22:29!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | חָזִיתָ *you see* | qatal · qal | | אִישׁ *a person* | | | | יִתְיַצָּב *he will take his stand* | yiqtol · hithpael | אִישׁ *a person* | | | | | **not** יִתְיַצֵּב *he will take his stand* | yiqtol · hithpael | אִישׁ *a person* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אִין חֲזֵיתָא גַבְרָא דְמַוְהֵי בַּעֲבִדְתֵּיהּ קֳדָם מַלְכֵי נְקוּם וְלָא נְקוּם קֳדָם חָשׁוֹכֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Seest thou a man diligent in his business? he shall stand before kings; he shall not stand before mean men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.648/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PRO:643`. - ← previous: [Proverbs 22:28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.22.28/) - next →: [Proverbs 23:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.23.1/) - ↑ back to [Proverbs 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/22/)