--- title: Proverbs 24:12 — If thou sayest: 'Behold, we knew not this', doth not He that weighet… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: If thou sayest: 'Behold, we knew not this', doth not He that weigheth the hearts consider it? And He that keepeth thy soul, doth not He know it? And shall not He render to every man according to his works? Who acts: thou, we, safety. Proverbs 24:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.24.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Proverbs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/24/) / 24:12 # Proverbs 24:12 מִשְׁלֵי **Who acts:** thou, we, safety · **What happens:** say, not know, weigh, not consider, keep, not render · **To what, where:** this, hearts, heart, soul, man · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Proverbs 24:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, we, safety — and what happens in the verse to this, hearts, heart, soul, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּֽי־תֹאמַ֗ר הֵן֮ לֹא־יָדַ֪עְנ֫וּ זֶ֥ה הֲ‍ֽלֹא־תֹ֘כֵ֤ן לִבּ֨וֹת ׀ הֽוּא־יָבִ֗ין וְנֹצֵ֣ר נַ֭פְשְׁךָ ה֣וּא יֵדָ֑ע וְהֵשִׁ֖יב לְאָדָ֣ם כְּפָעֳלֽוֹ׃ [If thou sayest: 'Behold, we knew not this', doth not He that weigheth the hearts consider it?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.696/) [And He that keepeth thy soul, doth not He know it?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.697/) [And shall not He render to every man according to his works?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.698/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PRO:690 # text = כִּֽי־תֹאמַ֗ר הֵן֮ לֹא־יָדַ֪עְנ֫וּ זֶ֥ה הֲ‍ֽלֹא־תֹ֘כֵ֤ן לִבּ֨וֹת ׀ הֽוּא־יָבִ֗ין וְנֹצֵ֣ר נַ֭פְשְׁךָ ה֣וּא יֵדָ֑ע וְהֵשִׁ֖יב לְאָדָ֣ם כְּפָעֳלֽוֹ׃ # verse = PRO.24.12 1 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=PRO_24:12!1|MId=o200240120011|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 2 תֹאמַ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 9 advcl _ Gloss=you.will.say|Ref=PRO_24:12!2|MId=o200240120021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:200230260021;A1:200240120051;|Type=yiqtol 3 הֵן֮ הֵן INTJ _ _ 5 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=PRO_24:12!3|MId=o200240120031|Strong=2005|Type=demonstrative 4 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=PRO_24:12!4|MId=o200240120041|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 5 יָדַ֪עְנ֫וּ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 ccomp _ Gloss=we.knew|Ref=PRO_24:12!5|MId=o200240120051|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:200230260021;A1:200240120061;|Type=qatal 6 זֶ֥ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 5 obj _ Gloss=this|Ref=PRO_24:12!6|MId=o200240120061|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 7-8 הֲ‍ֽלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הֲ‍ֽ הֲ PART _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=PRO_24:12!7|MId=o200240120071|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 8 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=PRO_24:12!7|MId=o200240120072|Strong=3808|Type=negative 9 תֹ֘כֵ֤ן תָּכַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[one.who].weighs|Ref=PRO_24:12!8|MId=o200240120081|Strong=8505|Frame=A1:200240120091;|Type=participle_active 10 לִבּ֨וֹת לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 9 obj _ Gloss=hearts|Ref=PRO_24:12!9|MId=o200240120091|Strong=3820 11 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 10 punct _ Ref=PRO_24:12!9 12 הֽוּא־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=PRO_24:12!10|MId=o200240120101|Strong=1931|Type=personal|SpaceAfter=No 13 יָבִ֗ין בִּין VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 parataxis _ Gloss=does.he.perceive|Ref=PRO_24:12!11|MId=o200240120111|Strong=0995|Frame=A0:200240120101;A1:200240120061;|Type=yiqtol 14-15 וְנֹצֵ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PRO_24:12!12|MId=o200240120121|Strong=2050b 15 נֹצֵ֣ר נָצַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=[one.who].guards|Ref=PRO_24:12!12|MId=o200240120122|Strong=5341|Frame=A1:200240120131;|Type=participle_active 16-17 נַ֭פְשְׁךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 נַ֭פְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=life|Ref=PRO_24:12!13|MId=o200240120131|Strong=5315 17 ְךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=PRO_24:12!13|MId=o200240120132|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 18 ה֣וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=PRO_24:12!14|MId=o200240120141|Strong=1931|Type=personal 19 יֵדָ֑ע יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 parataxis _ Gloss=does.he.know?|Ref=PRO_24:12!15|MId=o200240120151|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:200240120141;A1:200240120061;|Type=yiqtol 20-21 וְהֵשִׁ֖יב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PRO_24:12!16|MId=o200240120161|Strong=2050b 21 הֵשִׁ֖יב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=will.he.repay?|Ref=PRO_24:12!16|MId=o200240120162|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:200240120122;|Type=weqatal 22-23 לְאָדָ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=PRO_24:12!17|MId=o200240120171|Strong=3807a 23 אָדָ֣ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=a.person|Ref=PRO_24:12!17|MId=o200240120172|Strong=0120 24-26 כְּפָעֳלֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=PRO_24:12!18|MId=o200240120181|Strong=3509a 25 פָעֳל פֹּעַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=PRO_24:12!18|MId=o200240120182|Strong=6467 26 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his.work|Ref=PRO_24:12!18|MId=o200240120183|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=PRO_24:12!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · neg | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֹאמַר *you will say* | yiqtol · qal | | יָדַעְנוּ *we knew* | | | | **not** יָדַעְנוּ *we knew* | qatal · qal | | זֶה *this* | | | | **not** תֹכֵן *\[one who\] weighs* | participle active · qal | | לִבּוֹת *hearts* | | | | יָבִין *does he perceive* | yiqtol · qal | הֽוּא־ *he* | זֶה *this* | | | | נֹצֵר *\[one who\] guards* | participle active · qal | | נַפְשׁ *life* | | | | יֵדָע *does he know?* | yiqtol · qal | הוּא *he* | זֶה *this* | | | | הֵשִׁיב *will he repay?* | weqatal · hiphil | נֹצֵר *\[one who\] guards* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וְאִין תֵּימַר דְלָא יְדַעְנָא דָא הֲלָא תַרְעִיתָא דְלִבָּא אֱלָהָא בָצֵי וּדְנָטֵר נַפְשָׁךְ הוּא יָדֵעַ וּפָרֵעַ לְבַר נָשָׁא הֵיךְ עוֹבָדוֹי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [If thou sayest: 'Behold, we knew not this', doth not He that weigheth the hearts consider it?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.696/) 2. [And He that keepeth thy soul, doth not He know it?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.697/) 3. [And shall not He render to every man according to his works?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.698/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PRO:690`. - ← previous: [Proverbs 24:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.24.11/) - next →: [Proverbs 24:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.24.13/) - ↑ back to [Proverbs 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/24/)