--- title: Proverbs 26:13 — The sluggard saith: 'There is a lion in the way; yea, a lion is in t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The sluggard saith: 'There is a lion in the way; yea, a lion is in the streets.' Who acts: sluggard, lion. Proverbs 26:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.26.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Proverbs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/) / [chapter 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/26/) / 26:13 # Proverbs 26:13 מִשְׁלֵי **Who acts:** sluggard, lion · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** streets · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Proverbs 26:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sluggard, lion — and what happens in the verse to streets, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אָמַ֣ר עָ֭צֵל שַׁ֣חַל בַּדָּ֑רֶךְ אֲ֝רִ֗י בֵּ֣ין הָרְחֹבֽוֹת׃ [The sluggard saith: 'There is a lion in the way; yea, a lion is in the streets.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.762/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PRO:753 # text = אָמַ֣ר עָ֭צֵל שַׁ֣חַל בַּדָּ֑רֶךְ אֲ֝רִ֗י בֵּ֣ין הָרְחֹבֽוֹת׃ # verse = PRO.26.13 1 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=PRO_26:13!1|MId=o200260130011|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:200260130021;|Type=qatal 2 עָ֭צֵל עָצֵל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 nsubj _ Gloss=a.sluggard|Ref=PRO_26:13!2|MId=o200260130021|Strong=6102|Type=adjective 3 שַׁ֣חַל שַׁחַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=a.lion|Ref=PRO_26:13!3|MId=o200260130031|Strong=7826 4-6 בַּדָּ֑רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=[is].in|Ref=PRO_26:13!4|MId=o200260130041|Strong=0871a 5 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=PRO_26:13!4|MId=o200260130041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 דָּ֑רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 1 ccomp _ Gloss=road|Ref=PRO_26:13!4|MId=o200260130042|Strong=1870 7 אֲ֝רִ֗י אֲרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=a.lion|Ref=PRO_26:13!5|MId=o200260130051|Strong=0738 8 בֵּ֣ין בֵּין ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=[is].between|Ref=PRO_26:13!6|MId=o200260130061|Strong=0996 9-10 הָרְחֹבֽוֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the.open|Ref=PRO_26:13!7|MId=o200260130071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 רְחֹבֽוֹת רְחֹב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 6 parataxis _ Gloss=places|Ref=PRO_26:13!7|MId=o200260130072|Strong=7339 11 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 10 punct _ Ref=PRO_26:13!7 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | עָצֵל *a sluggard* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אֲמַר עַטְלָא שַׁחֲלָא בְּאָרְחָא אַרְיָא בֵּינָת שְׁוָקֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The sluggard saith: 'There is a lion in the way; yea, a lion is in the streets.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.762/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PRO:753`. - ← previous: [Proverbs 26:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.26.12/) - next →: [Proverbs 26:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.26.14/) - ↑ back to [Proverbs 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/26/)