--- title: Proverbs 30:14 — There is a generation whose teeth are as swords, and their great tee… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: There is a generation whose teeth are as swords, and their great teeth as knives, to devour the poor from off the earth, and the needy from among men. Who acts: generation, teeth. Proverbs 30:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.30.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Proverbs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/) / [chapter 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/30/) / 30:14 # Proverbs 30:14 מִשְׁלֵי **Who acts:** generation, teeth · **What happens:** be, generation, devour · **To what, where:** poor, earth This is Proverbs 30:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — generation, teeth — and what happens in the verse to poor, earth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 31 chapters of Proverbs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. דּ֤וֹר ׀ חֲרָב֣וֹת שִׁנָּיו֮ וּֽמַאֲכָל֪וֹת מְֽתַלְּעֹ֫תָ֥יולֶאֱכֹ֣ל עֲנִיִּ֣ים מֵאֶ֑רֶץ וְ֝אֶבְיוֹנִ֗ים מֵאָדָֽם׃פ [There is a generation whose teeth are as swords, and their great teeth as knives, to devour the poor from off the earth, and the needy from among men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.878/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PRO:864 # text = דּ֤וֹר ׀ חֲרָב֣וֹת שִׁנָּיו֮ וּֽמַאֲכָל֪וֹת מְֽתַלְּעֹ֫תָ֥יולֶאֱכֹ֣ל עֲנִיִּ֣ים מֵאֶ֑רֶץ וְ֝אֶבְיוֹנִ֗ים מֵאָדָֽם׃פ # verse = PRO.30.14 1 דּ֤וֹר דּוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=a.generation|Ref=PRO_30:14!1|MId=o200300140011|Strong=1755 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=PRO_30:14!1 3 חֲרָב֣וֹת חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 1 acl _ Gloss=[are].swords|Ref=PRO_30:14!2|MId=o200300140021|Strong=2719 4-5 שִׁנָּיו֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 שִׁנָּי שֵׁן NOUN _ Number=Dual 3 nsubj _ Gloss=teeth|Ref=PRO_30:14!3|MId=o200300140031|Strong=8127 5 ו֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=PRO_30:14!3|MId=o200300140032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6-7 וּֽמַאֲכָל֪וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and.[are]|Ref=PRO_30:14!4|MId=o200300140041|Strong=2050b 7 מַאֲכָל֪וֹת מַאֲכֶלֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=knives|Ref=PRO_30:14!4|MId=o200300140042|Strong=3979 8-11 מְֽתַלְּעֹ֫תָ֥יולֶאֱכֹ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מְֽתַלְּעֹ֫תָ֥י מְתַלְּעוֹת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=fangs|Ref=PRO_30:14!5|MId=o200300140051|Strong=4973 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=PRO_30:14!5|MId=o200300140052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=PRO_30:14!6|MId=o200300140061|Strong=3807a 11 אֱכֹ֣ל אָכַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 advcl _ Gloss=devour|Ref=PRO_30:14!6|MId=o200300140062|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:200300140031;200300140051;A1:200300140071;200300140092;|Type=infinitive_construct 12 עֲנִיִּ֣ים עָנִי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 obj _ Gloss=afflicted.[people]|Ref=PRO_30:14!7|MId=o200300140071|Strong=6041|Type=adjective 13-14 מֵאֶ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=PRO_30:14!8|MId=o200300140081|Strong=4480 14 אֶ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 nmod _ Gloss=earth|Ref=PRO_30:14!8|MId=o200300140082|Strong=0776 15-16 וְ֝אֶבְיוֹנִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ֝ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PRO_30:14!9|MId=o200300140091|Strong=2050b 16 אֶבְיוֹנִ֗ים אֶבְיוֹן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 conj _ Gloss=needy.[people]|Ref=PRO_30:14!9|MId=o200300140092|Strong=0034|Type=adjective 17-18 מֵאָדָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=PRO_30:14!10|MId=o200300140101|Strong=4480 18 אָדָֽם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 nmod _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=PRO_30:14!10|MId=o200300140102|Strong=0120 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=PRO_30:14!10|SpaceAfter=No 20 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=PRO_30:14!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אֱכֹל *devour* | infinitive construct · qal | שִׁנָּי *teeth* + מְֽתַלְּעֹתָי *fangs* | עֲנִיִּים *afflicted \[people\]* + אֶבְיוֹנִים *needy \[people\]* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} דָרָא דְסָפְסְרֵי אִינוּן שִׁינוֹי וְחָרִיפֵי אִנוּן נִיבוֹי לְמֵיכַל מַסְכְּנֵי מֵאַרְעָא וְלַעֲלִיבֵי מִן בְּנֵי נָשָׁא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [There is a generation whose teeth are as swords, and their great teeth as knives, to devour the poor from off the earth, and the needy from among men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PRO.878/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PRO:864`. - ← previous: [Proverbs 30:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.30.13/) - next →: [Proverbs 30:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO.30.15/) - ↑ back to [Proverbs 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PRO/30/)