--- title: Psalms 1:1 — BOOK I HAPPY IS the man that hath not walked in the counsel of the w… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: BOOK I HAPPY IS the man that hath not walked in the counsel of the wicked, nor stood in the way of sinners, nor sat in the seat of the scornful. Who acts: man. Psalms 1:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.1.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/1/) / 1:1 # Psalms 1:1 תְּהִלִּים **Who acts:** man · **What happens:** be, not walk, stand, sit · **To what, where:** counsel, way, seat This is Psalms 1:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man — and what happens in the verse to counsel, way, seat, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אַ֥שְֽׁרֵי־הָאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר ׀ לֹ֥א הָלַךְ֮ בַּעֲצַ֪ת רְשָׁ֫עִ֥ים וּבְדֶ֣רֶךְ חַ֭טָּאִים לֹ֥א עָמָ֑ד וּבְמוֹשַׁ֥ב לֵ֝צִ֗ים לֹ֣א יָשָֽׁב׃ [BOOK I HAPPY IS the man that hath not walked in the counsel of the wicked, nor stood in the way of sinners, nor sat in the seat of the scornful.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.0/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PSA:0 # text = אַ֥שְֽׁרֵי־הָאִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר ׀ לֹ֥א הָלַךְ֮ בַּעֲצַ֪ת רְשָׁ֫עִ֥ים וּבְדֶ֣רֶךְ חַ֭טָּאִים לֹ֥א עָמָ֑ד וּבְמוֹשַׁ֥ב לֵ֝צִ֗ים לֹ֣א יָשָֽׁב׃ # verse = PSA.1.1 1 אַ֥שְֽׁרֵי־ אֶשֶׁר INTJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=how.blessed!|Ref=PSA_1:1!1|MId=o190010010011|Strong=0835a|SpaceAfter=No 2-3 הָאִ֗ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=[is].the|Ref=PSA_1:1!2|MId=o190010010021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 אִ֗ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 nsubj _ Gloss=person|Ref=PSA_1:1!2|MId=o190010010022|Strong=0376 4 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=PSA_1:1!3|MId=o190010010031|Strong=0834|Type=relative 5 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ Ref=PSA_1:1!3 6 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 7 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=PSA_1:1!4|MId=o190010010041|Strong=3808|Type=negative 7 הָלַךְ֮ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.walks|Ref=PSA_1:1!5|MId=o190010010051|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:190010010022;|Type=qatal 8-9 בַּעֲצַ֪ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in.[the]|Ref=PSA_1:1!6|MId=o190010010061|Strong=0871a 9 עֲצַ֪ת עֵצָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=counsel|Ref=PSA_1:1!6|MId=o190010010062|Strong=6098 10 רְשָׁ֫עִ֥ים רָשָׁע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.wicked.[people]|Ref=PSA_1:1!7|MId=o190010010071|Strong=7563|Type=adjective 11-13 וּבְדֶ֣רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_1:1!8|MId=o190010010081|Strong=2050b 12 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=in.[the]|Ref=PSA_1:1!8|MId=o190010010082|Strong=0871a 13 דֶ֣רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=way|Ref=PSA_1:1!8|MId=o190010010083|Strong=1870 14 חַ֭טָּאִים חַטָּא ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.sinners|Ref=PSA_1:1!9|MId=o190010010091|Strong=2400|Type=adjective 15 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=PSA_1:1!10|MId=o190010010101|Strong=3808|Type=negative 16 עָמָ֑ד עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.stands|Ref=PSA_1:1!11|MId=o190010010111|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:190010010022;|Type=qatal 17-19 וּבְמוֹשַׁ֥ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_1:1!12|MId=o190010010121|Strong=2050b 18 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=in.[the]|Ref=PSA_1:1!12|MId=o190010010122|Strong=0871a 19 מוֹשַׁ֥ב מוֹשָׁב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=seat|Ref=PSA_1:1!12|MId=o190010010123|Strong=4186 20 לֵ֝צִ֗ים לֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.mockers|Ref=PSA_1:1!13|MId=o190010010131|Strong=3887a|Type=adjective 21 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=PSA_1:1!14|MId=o190010010141|Strong=3808|Type=negative 22 יָשָֽׁב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.sits|Ref=PSA_1:1!15|MId=o190010010151|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:190010010022;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=PSA_1:1!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** הָלַךְ *he walks* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *person* | | | | | **not** עָמָד *he stands* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *person* | | | | | **not** יָשָֽׁב *he sits* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *person* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} טוּבֵיהּ דִגְבַר דְלָא הַלִיךְ בְּמִלְכַּת רַשִׁיעִין וּבְאוֹרְחַת חַיָבִין לָא קָם וּבְסִיעַת מְמִקְנֵי לָא אִסְתְּחַר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [BOOK I HAPPY IS the man that hath not walked in the counsel of the wicked, nor stood in the way of sinners, nor sat in the seat of the scornful.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.0/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PSA:0`. - ← previous: [Malachi 3:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.24/) - next →: [Psalms 1:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.1.2/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/1/)