--- title: Psalms 14:1 — For the Leader. A Psalm of David. The fool hath said in his heart: '… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For the Leader. A Psalm of David. The fool hath said in his heart: 'There is no God'; they have dealt corruptly, they have done abominably; there is none that doeth good. Who acts: fool, God, they, none. Psalms 14:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.14.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/14/) / 14:1 # Psalms 14:1 תְּהִלִּים **Who acts:** fool, God, they, none · **What happens:** say, be, deal, do · **To what, where:** heart · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Psalms 14:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fool, God, they, none — and what happens in the verse to heart, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ לְדָ֫וִ֥דאָ֘מַ֤ר נָבָ֣ל בְּ֭לִבּוֹ אֵ֣ין אֱלֹהִ֑ים הִֽשְׁחִ֗יתוּ הִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ עֲלִילָ֗ה אֵ֣ין עֹֽשֵׂה־טֽוֹב׃ [For the Leader.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.165/) [A Psalm of David.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.166/) [The fool hath said in his heart: 'There is no God'; they have dealt corruptly, they have done abominably; there is none that doeth good.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.167/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PSA:149 # text = לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ לְדָ֫וִ֥דאָ֘מַ֤ר נָבָ֣ל בְּ֭לִבּוֹ אֵ֣ין אֱלֹהִ֑ים הִֽשְׁחִ֗יתוּ הִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ עֲלִילָ֗ה אֵ֣ין עֹֽשֵׂה־טֽוֹב׃ # verse = PSA.14.1 1-3 לַמְנַצֵּ֗חַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=PSA_14:1!1|MId=o190140010011|Strong=3807a 2 ה הַ SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=the|Ref=PSA_14:1!1|MId=o190140010011ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 מְנַצֵּ֗חַ נָצַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=choirmaster|Ref=PSA_14:1!1|MId=o190140010012|Strong=5329|Type=participle_active 4-6 לְדָ֫וִ֥דאָ֘מַ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=PSA_14:1!2|MId=o190140010021|Strong=3807a 5 דָ֫וִ֥ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 3 parataxis _ Gloss=David|Ref=PSA_14:1!2|MId=o190140010022|Strong=1732 6 אָ֘מַ֤ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=PSA_14:1!3|MId=o190140010031|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:190140010041;A1:190140010061;|Type=qatal 7 נָבָ֣ל נָבָל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=a.fool|Ref=PSA_14:1!4|MId=o190140010041|Strong=5036|Type=adjective 8-10 בְּ֭לִבּוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בְּ֭ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=PSA_14:1!5|MId=o190140010051|Strong=0871a 9 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=heart|Ref=PSA_14:1!5|MId=o190140010052|Strong=3820 10 וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=PSA_14:1!5|MId=o190140010053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11 אֵ֣ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 6 ccomp _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=PSA_14:1!6|MId=o190140010061|Strong=0369|Type=negative 12 אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ Gloss=a.god|Ref=PSA_14:1!7|MId=o190140010071|Strong=0430 13 הִֽשְׁחִ֗יתוּ שָׁחַת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 6 ccomp _ Gloss=they.behave.corruptly|Ref=PSA_14:1!8|MId=o190140010081|Strong=7843|Frame=A0:190140010041;|Type=qatal 14 הִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ תַּעָב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 13 parataxis _ Gloss=they.do.abominably|Ref=PSA_14:1!9|MId=o190140010091|Strong=8581|Frame=AA:190140010041;A0:190140010101;|Type=qatal 15 עֲלִילָ֗ה עֲלִילָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=deed[s]|Ref=PSA_14:1!10|MId=o190140010101|Strong=5949 16 אֵ֣ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 13 parataxis _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=PSA_14:1!11|MId=o190140010111|Strong=0369|Type=negative 17 עֹֽשֵׂה־ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ Gloss=[one.who].does|Ref=PSA_14:1!12|MId=o190140010121|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:190140010131;|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 18 טֽוֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).good|Ref=PSA_14:1!13|MId=o190140010131|Strong=2896|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=PSA_14:1!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | נָבָל *a fool* | אֵין *there \[is\] not* | | | | **not** הִֽשְׁחִיתוּ *they behave corruptly* | qatal · hiphil | נָבָל *a fool* | | | | | הִֽתְעִיבוּ *they do abominably* | qatal · hiphil | עֲלִילָה *deed\[s\]* | | | נָבָל *a fool* | | עֹֽשֵׂה־ *\[one who\] does* | participle active · qal | | טֽוֹב *(of) good* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} לְשַׁבָּחָא בְּרוּחַ נְבוּאָה עַל דָוִד אֲמַר שַׁטְיָא בִּלְבָבֵיהּ לֵית שׁוּלְטָנָא דֶאֱלָהָא בְאַרְעָא חֲבִילוּ עוֹבָדֵיהוֹן רָחֲקוּ טָבְתָא וְאַשְׁכָּחוּ עִלָא לֵית דַעֲבַד טָב: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For the Leader.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.165/) 2. [A Psalm of David.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.166/) 3. [The fool hath said in his heart: 'There is no God'; they have dealt corruptly, they have done abominably; there is none that doeth good.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.167/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PSA:149`. - ← previous: [Psalms 13:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.13.6/) - next →: [Psalms 14:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.14.2/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/14/)