--- title: Psalms 14:3 — They are all corrupt, they are together become impure; there is none… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: They are all corrupt, they are together become impure; there is none that doeth good, no, not one. Who acts: men, none. Psalms 14:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.14.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/14/) / 14:3 # Psalms 14:3 תְּהִלִּים **Who acts:** men, none · **What happens:** be, do · **To what, where:** good This is Psalms 14:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, none — and what happens in the verse to good, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַכֹּ֥ל סָר֮ יַחְדָּ֪ו נֶ֫אֱלָ֥חוּ אֵ֤ין עֹֽשֵׂה־ט֑וֹב אֵ֝֗ין גַּם־אֶחָֽד׃ [They are all corrupt, they are together become impure; there is none that doeth good, no, not one.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.169/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PSA:151 # text = הַכֹּ֥ל סָר֮ יַחְדָּ֪ו נֶ֫אֱלָ֥חוּ אֵ֤ין עֹֽשֵׂה־ט֑וֹב אֵ֝֗ין גַּם־אֶחָֽד׃ # verse = PSA.14.3 1-2 הַכֹּ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 2 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=PSA_14:3!1|MId=o190140030011|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 2 כֹּ֥ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ Gloss=everyone|Ref=PSA_14:3!1|MId=o190140030012|Strong=3605 3 סָר֮ סוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.turns.aside|Ref=PSA_14:3!2|MId=o190140030021|Strong=5493|Frame=A0:190140030012;|Type=qatal 4 יַחְדָּ֪ו יָחְדָּו ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=all.together|Ref=PSA_14:3!3|MId=o190140030031|Strong=3162a 5 נֶ֫אֱלָ֥חוּ אָלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=they.are.corrupt|Ref=PSA_14:3!4|MId=o190140030041|Strong=0444|Frame=A0:190140030012;|Type=qatal 6 אֵ֤ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 3 parataxis _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=PSA_14:3!5|MId=o190140030051|Strong=0369|Type=negative 7 עֹֽשֵׂה־ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=[one.who].does|Ref=PSA_14:3!6|MId=o190140030061|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:190140030071;|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 8 ט֑וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).good|Ref=PSA_14:3!7|MId=o190140030071|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 9 אֵ֝֗ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 3 parataxis _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=PSA_14:3!8|MId=o190140030081|Strong=0369|Type=negative 10 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 11 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=PSA_14:3!9|MId=o190140030091|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 11 אֶחָֽד אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=one|Ref=PSA_14:3!10|MId=o190140030101|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 12 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 11 punct _ Ref=PSA_14:3!10 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** סָר *he turns aside* | qatal · qal | כֹּל *everyone* | | | | | נֶאֱלָחוּ *they are corrupt* | qatal · niphal | כֹּל *everyone* | | | | | עֹֽשֵׂה־ *\[one who\] does* | participle active · qal | | טוֹב *(of) good* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} כּוּלְהוֹן זָרוּ לַאֲחוֹרָא כַּחֲדָא אִתְּרַשֵׁלוּ לֵית דְעָבַד טָב אֲפִילוּ לֵית חָד: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [They are all corrupt, they are together become impure; there is none that doeth good, no, not one.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.169/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PSA:151`. - ← previous: [Psalms 14:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.14.2/) - next →: [Psalms 14:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.14.4/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/14/)