--- title: Psalms 144:2 — My lovingkindness, and my fortress, my high tower, and my deliverer;… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: My lovingkindness, and my fortress, my high tower, and my deliverer; my shield, and He in whom I take refuge; who subdueth my people under me. Who acts: I, lovingkindness. Psalms 144:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.144.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 144](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/144/) / 144:2 # Psalms 144:2 תְּהִלִּים **Who acts:** I, lovingkindness · **What happens:** take, subdue · **To what, where:** refuge, people This is Psalms 144:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, lovingkindness — and what happens in the verse to refuge, people, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. חַסְדִּ֥י וּמְצוּדָתִי֮ מִשְׂגַּבִּ֪י וּֽמְפַלְטִ֫י לִ֥י מָ֭גִנִּי וּב֣וֹ חָסִ֑יתִי הָרוֹדֵ֖ד עַמִּ֣י תַחְתָּֽי׃ [My lovingkindness, and my fortress, my high tower, and my deliverer; my shield, and He in whom I take refuge; who subdueth my people under me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.2600/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PSA:2433 # text = חַסְדִּ֥י וּמְצוּדָתִי֮ מִשְׂגַּבִּ֪י וּֽמְפַלְטִ֫י לִ֥י מָ֭גִנִּי וּב֣וֹ חָסִ֑יתִי הָרוֹדֵ֖ד עַמִּ֣י תַחְתָּֽי׃ # verse = PSA.144.2 1-2 חַסְדִּ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 חַסְדּ חֶסֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=loyalty|Ref=PSA_144:2!1|MId=o191440020011|Strong=2617 2 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 1 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my.covenant|Ref=PSA_144:2!1|MId=o191440020012|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 3-5 וּמְצוּדָתִי֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_144:2!2|MId=o191440020021|Strong=2050b 4 מְצוּדָת מְצוּדָה NOUN _ Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=stronghold|Ref=PSA_144:2!2|MId=o191440020022|Strong=4686a 5 ִי֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=PSA_144:2!2|MId=o191440020023|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 6-7 מִשְׂגַּבִּ֪י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 מִשְׂגַּבּ מִשְׂגָּב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=refuge|Ref=PSA_144:2!3|MId=o191440020031|Strong=4869 7 ִ֪י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=PSA_144:2!3|MId=o191440020032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 8-10 וּֽמְפַלְטִ֫י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_144:2!4|MId=o191440020041|Strong=2050b 9 מְפַלְט פָּלַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=deliverer|Ref=PSA_144:2!4|MId=o191440020042|Strong=6403|Frame=A0:191440010031;|Type=participle_active 10 ִ֫י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=PSA_144:2!4|MId=o191440020043|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 11-12 לִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 ל לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=PSA_144:2!5|MId=o191440020051|Strong=3807a 12 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 nmod _ Gloss=me|Ref=PSA_144:2!5|MId=o191440020052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 13-14 מָ֭גִנִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 מָ֭גִנּ מָגֵן NOUN _ Number=Sing 1 parataxis _ Gloss=shield|Ref=PSA_144:2!6|MId=o191440020061|Strong=4043 14 ִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=PSA_144:2!6|MId=o191440020062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15-17 וּב֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_144:2!7|MId=o191440020071|Strong=2050b 16 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=[one|Ref=PSA_144:2!7|MId=o191440020072|Strong=0871a 17 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ Gloss=whom].in.him|Ref=PSA_144:2!7|MId=o191440020073|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18 חָסִ֑יתִי חָסָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 1 conj _ Gloss=I.take.refuge|Ref=PSA_144:2!8|MId=o191440020081|Strong=2620|Frame=A0:191440010012;|Type=qatal 19-20 הָרוֹדֵ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הָ הַ SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=the.[one|Ref=PSA_144:2!9|MId=o191440020091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 רוֹדֵ֖ד רָדַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 1 parataxis _ Gloss=who].subdues|Ref=PSA_144:2!9|MId=o191440020092|Strong=7286|Frame=A0:191440010031;A1:191440020101;|Type=participle_active 21-22 עַמִּ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=people|Ref=PSA_144:2!10|MId=o191440020101|Strong=5971 22 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=PSA_144:2!10|MId=o191440020102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 23-24 תַחְתָּֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 תַחְתּ תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=under|Ref=PSA_144:2!11|MId=o191440020111|Strong=8478 24 ָֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=me|Ref=PSA_144:2!11|MId=o191440020112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=PSA_144:2!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מְפַלְט *deliverer* | participle active · piel | | | | | | חָסִיתִי *I take refuge* | qatal · qal | | | | | | רוֹדֵד *who\] subdues* | participle active · qal | | עַמּ *people* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} עָבֵד טִיבוּ וּכְרַךְ תַּקִיפֵי תּוּקְפִי וּמְשֵׁזֵב יָתִי תְּרֵיסִי וּבְמֵימְרֵיהּ סִבְרֵית דִי מְרַדֵד עַמִין תְּחוֹתָי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [My lovingkindness, and my fortress, my high tower, and my deliverer; my shield, and He in whom I take refuge; who subdueth my people under me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.2600/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PSA:2433`. - ← previous: [Psalms 144:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.144.1/) - next →: [Psalms 144:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.144.3/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 144](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/144/)