--- title: Psalms 31:23 — As for me, I said in my haste: 'I am cut off from before Thine eyes'… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: As for me, I said in my haste: 'I am cut off from before Thine eyes'; nevertheless Thou heardest the voice of my supplications when I cried unto Thee. Who acts: I, Thou, my. Psalms 31:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.31.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/31/) / 31:23 # Psalms 31:23 תְּהִלִּים **Who acts:** I, Thou, my · **What happens:** say, cut off, hear, cry, supplicate · **To what, where:** haste, I, eyes, voice · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Psalms 31:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, Thou, my — and what happens in the verse to haste, I, eyes, voice, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַאֲנִ֤י ׀ אָ֘מַ֤רְתִּי בְחָפְזִ֗י נִגְרַזְתִּי֮ מִנֶּ֪גֶד עֵ֫ינֶ֥יךָ אָכֵ֗ן שָׁ֭מַעְתָּ ק֥וֹל תַּחֲנוּנַ֗י בְּשַׁוְּעִ֥י אֵלֶֽיךָ׃ [As for me, I said in my haste: 'I am cut off from before Thine eyes'; nevertheless Thou heardest the voice of my supplications when I cried unto Thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.469/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PSA:428 # text = וַאֲנִ֤י ׀ אָ֘מַ֤רְתִּי בְחָפְזִ֗י נִגְרַזְתִּי֮ מִנֶּ֪גֶד עֵ֫ינֶ֥יךָ אָכֵ֗ן שָׁ֭מַעְתָּ ק֥וֹל תַּחֲנוּנַ֗י בְּשַׁוְּעִ֥י אֵלֶֽיךָ׃ # verse = PSA.31.23 1-2 וַאֲנִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_31:23!1|MId=o190310230011|Strong=2050b 2 אֲנִ֤י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=PSA_31:23!1|MId=o190310230012|Strong=0589|Type=personal 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=PSA_31:23!1 4 אָ֘מַ֤רְתִּי אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.said|Ref=PSA_31:23!2|MId=o190310230021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:190310230012;|Type=qatal 5-7 בְחָפְזִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=PSA_31:23!3|MId=o190310230031|Strong=0871a 6 חָפְז חָפַז VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 4 advcl _ Gloss=I|Ref=PSA_31:23!3|MId=o190310230032|Strong=2648|Frame=A0:190310230033;|Type=infinitive_construct 7 ִ֗י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ Gloss=was.making.haste|Ref=PSA_31:23!3|MId=o190310230033|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 8 נִגְרַזְתִּי֮ גָּרַז VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 4 ccomp _ Gloss=I.have.been.cut.off|Ref=PSA_31:23!4|MId=o190310230041|Strong=1629|Frame=A1:190310010032;|Type=qatal 9-10 מִנֶּ֪גֶד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=PSA_31:23!5|MId=o190310230051|Strong=4480 10 נֶּ֪גֶד נֶגֶד NOUN _ _ 8 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=PSA_31:23!5|MId=o190310230052|Strong=5048 11-12 עֵ֫ינֶ֥יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 עֵ֫ינֶ֥י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=PSA_31:23!6|MId=o190310230061|Strong=5869 12 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=PSA_31:23!6|MId=o190310230062|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 13 אָכֵ֗ן אָכֵן ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=nevertheless|Ref=PSA_31:23!7|MId=o190310230071|Strong=0403 14 שָׁ֭מַעְתָּ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 8 parataxis _ Gloss=you.heard|Ref=PSA_31:23!8|MId=o190310230081|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:190310220021;A1:190310230091;|Type=qatal 15 ק֥וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=the.sound|Ref=PSA_31:23!9|MId=o190310230091|Strong=6963 16-17 תַּחֲנוּנַ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 תַּחֲנוּנ תַּחֲנוּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.supplications|Ref=PSA_31:23!10|MId=o190310230101|Strong=8469 17 ַ֗י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=PSA_31:23!10|MId=o190310230102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 18-20 בְּשַׁוְּעִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=PSA_31:23!11|MId=o190310230111|Strong=0871a 19 שַׁוְּע שָׁוַע VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 14 advcl _ Gloss=I|Ref=PSA_31:23!11|MId=o190310230112|Strong=7768|Frame=A0:190310230113;|Type=infinitive_construct 20 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ Gloss=cried.for.help|Ref=PSA_31:23!11|MId=o190310230113|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 21-22 אֵלֶֽיךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אֵלֶֽי אֶל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=PSA_31:23!12|MId=o190310230121|Strong=0413 22 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=PSA_31:23!12|MId=o190310230122|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=PSA_31:23!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַרְתִּי *I said* | qatal · qal | אֲנִי *I* | | | | | חָפְז *I* | infinitive construct · qal | ִי *was making haste* | | | | | נִגְרַזְתִּי *I have been cut off* | qatal · niphal | | | | | | שָׁמַעְתָּ *you heard* | qatal · qal | | קוֹל *the sound* | | | | שַׁוְּע *I* | infinitive construct · piel | ִי *cried for help* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וַאֲנָא אֲמַרֵית בְּאִתְבָּעוּתִי לְמֶעְרוֹק אִשְׁתְּצֵיתִי מִקְבֵיל יְקָרָךְ בְּקוּשְׁטָא שָׁמַעְתָּ קָל צְלוֹתִי בְּאִתְחַנָנוּתִי לְוָתָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [As for me, I said in my haste: 'I am cut off from before Thine eyes'; nevertheless Thou heardest the voice of my supplications when I cried unto Thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.469/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PSA:428`. - ← previous: [Psalms 31:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.31.22/) - next →: [Psalms 31:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.31.24/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/31/)