--- title: Psalms 44:16 — All the day is my confusion before me, and the shame of my face hath… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: All the day is my confusion before me, and the shame of my face hath covered me, Who acts: day, shame. Psalms 44:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.44.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/44/) / 44:16 # Psalms 44:16 תְּהִלִּים **Who acts:** day, shame · **What happens:** be, cover, shame · **To what, where:** confusion, me, face This is Psalms 44:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — day, shame — and what happens in the verse to confusion, me, face, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כָּל־הַ֭יּוֹם כְּלִמָּתִ֣י נֶגְדִּ֑י וּבֹ֖שֶׁת פָּנַ֣י כִּסָּֽתְנִי׃ [All the day is my confusion before me, and the shame of my face hath covered me,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.726/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PSA:669 # text = כָּל־הַ֭יּוֹם כְּלִמָּתִ֣י נֶגְדִּ֑י וּבֹ֖שֶׁת פָּנַ֣י כִּסָּֽתְנִי׃ # verse = PSA.44.16 1 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=PSA_44:16!1|MId=o190440160011|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 2-3 הַ֭יּוֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הַ֭ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=PSA_44:16!2|MId=o190440160021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 יּוֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 compound:smixut _ Gloss=day|Ref=PSA_44:16!2|MId=o190440160022|Strong=3117 4-5 כְּלִמָּתִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 כְּלִמָּת כְּלִמָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=ignominy|Ref=PSA_44:16!3|MId=o190440160031|Strong=3639 5 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=PSA_44:16!3|MId=o190440160032|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 6-7 נֶגְדִּ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 נֶגְדּ נֶגֶד NOUN _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=[is].before|Ref=PSA_44:16!4|MId=o190440160041|Strong=5048 7 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=me|Ref=PSA_44:16!4|MId=o190440160042|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 8-9 וּבֹ֖שֶׁת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_44:16!5|MId=o190440160051|Strong=2050b 9 בֹ֖שֶׁת בֹּשֶׁת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=the.shame|Ref=PSA_44:16!5|MId=o190440160052|Strong=1322 10-11 פָּנַ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 פָּנ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.face|Ref=PSA_44:16!6|MId=o190440160061|Strong=6440 11 ַ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=PSA_44:16!6|MId=o190440160062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12-13 כִּסָּֽתְנִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 כִּסָּֽת כָּסָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=it|Ref=PSA_44:16!7|MId=o190440160071|Strong=3680|Frame=A0:190440160052;A1:190440160072;|Type=qatal 13 ְנִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ Gloss=has.covered.me|Ref=PSA_44:16!7|MId=o190440160072|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 14 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 13 punct _ Ref=PSA_44:16!7 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | כִּסָּֽת *it* | qatal · piel | בֹשֶׁת *the shame* | ְנִי *has covered me* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} כָּל יוֹמָא כִּסוּפִי לְקִבְלִי וּבַהֲתַת אַפַּי חֲפָתְנִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [All the day is my confusion before me, and the shame of my face hath covered me,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.726/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PSA:669`. - ← previous: [Psalms 44:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.44.15/) - next →: [Psalms 44:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.44.17/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/44/)