--- title: Psalms 53:2 — The fool hath said in his heart: 'There is no God'; they have dealt… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The fool hath said in his heart: 'There is no God'; they have dealt corruptly, and have done abominable iniquity; there is none that doeth good. Who acts: fool, God, they, none. Psalms 53:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.53.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 53](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/53/) / 53:2 # Psalms 53:2 תְּהִלִּים **Who acts:** fool, God, they, none · **What happens:** say, be, deal, do · **To what, where:** heart, abominable iniquity, good · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Psalms 53:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fool, God, they, none — and what happens in the verse to heart, abominable iniquity, good, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אָ֘מַ֤ר נָבָ֣ל בְּ֭לִבּוֹ אֵ֣ין אֱלֹהִ֑ים הִֽ֝שְׁחִ֗יתוּ וְהִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ עָ֝֗וֶל אֵ֣ין עֹֽשֵׂה־טֽוֹב׃ [The fool hath said in his heart: 'There is no God'; they have dealt corruptly, and have done abominable iniquity; there is none that doeth good.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.876/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PSA:813 # text = אָ֘מַ֤ר נָבָ֣ל בְּ֭לִבּוֹ אֵ֣ין אֱלֹהִ֑ים הִֽ֝שְׁחִ֗יתוּ וְהִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ עָ֝֗וֶל אֵ֣ין עֹֽשֵׂה־טֽוֹב׃ # verse = PSA.53.2 1 אָ֘מַ֤ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=PSA_53:2!1|MId=o190530020011|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:190530020021;A1:190530020041;|Type=qatal 2 נָבָ֣ל נָבָל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 nsubj _ Gloss=a.fool|Ref=PSA_53:2!2|MId=o190530020021|Strong=5036|Type=adjective 3-5 בְּ֭לִבּוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בְּ֭ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=PSA_53:2!3|MId=o190530020031|Strong=0871a 4 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obl _ Gloss=heart|Ref=PSA_53:2!3|MId=o190530020032|Strong=3820 5 וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=PSA_53:2!3|MId=o190530020033|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6 אֵ֣ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 1 ccomp _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=PSA_53:2!4|MId=o190530020041|Strong=0369|Type=negative 7 אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Gloss=a.god|Ref=PSA_53:2!5|MId=o190530020051|Strong=0430 8 הִֽ֝שְׁחִ֗יתוּ שָׁחַת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 ccomp _ Gloss=they.behave.corruptly|Ref=PSA_53:2!6|MId=o190530020061|Strong=7843|Frame=A0:190530020021;|Type=qatal 9-10 וְהִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_53:2!7|MId=o190530020071|Strong=2050b 10 הִֽתְעִ֥יבוּ תַּעָב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 8 conj _ Gloss=they.do.abominably|Ref=PSA_53:2!7|MId=o190530020072|Strong=8581|Frame=AA:190530020021;A0:190530020081;|Type=qatal 11 עָ֝֗וֶל עָוֶל NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=unrighteousness|Ref=PSA_53:2!8|MId=o190530020081|Strong=5766 12 אֵ֣ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 8 parataxis _ Gloss=there.[is].not|Ref=PSA_53:2!9|MId=o190530020091|Strong=0369|Type=negative 13 עֹֽשֵׂה־ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=[one.who].does|Ref=PSA_53:2!10|MId=o190530020101|Strong=6213|Frame=A1:190530020111;|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 14 טֽוֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(of).good|Ref=PSA_53:2!11|MId=o190530020111|Strong=2896|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 15 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 14 punct _ Ref=PSA_53:2!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | נָבָל *a fool* | אֵין *there \[is\] not* | | | | **not** הִֽשְׁחִיתוּ *they behave corruptly* | qatal · hiphil | נָבָל *a fool* | | | | | הִֽתְעִיבוּ *they do abominably* | qatal · hiphil | עָוֶל *unrighteousness* | | | נָבָל *a fool* | | עֹֽשֵׂה־ *\[one who\] does* | participle active · qal | | טֽוֹב *(of) good* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אֲמַר נָבָל בְּלִבֵּיהּ לֵית אֱלָהָא פְּרַע מִינֵיהּ מְטוּל הֵיכְנָא חַבִּילוּ רַשִׁיעַיָא אוּרְחַתְהוֹן רְחִיקוּ מִן טָבָא דְאִשְׁתְּכַח בְּהוֹן עִלָא לֵית דְעָבֵיד טָב: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The fool hath said in his heart: 'There is no God'; they have dealt corruptly, and have done abominable iniquity; there is none that doeth good.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.876/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PSA:813`. - ← previous: [Psalms 53:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.53.1/) - next →: [Psalms 53:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.53.3/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 53](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/53/)