--- title: Psalms 60:2 — · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Psalms 60:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.60.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 60](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/60/) / 60:2 # Psalms 60:2 תְּהִלִּים This is Psalms 60:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בְּהַצּוֹת֨וֹ ׀ אֶ֥ת אֲרַ֣מ נַהֲרַיִם֮ אֲרַ֣מ נַהֲרַיִם֮ וְאֶת־אֲרַ֪מ צ֫וֹבָ֥ה אֲרַ֪מ צ֫וֹבָ֥ה וַיָּ֤שָׁב יוֹאָ֗ב וַיַּ֣ךְ אֶת־אֱד֣וֹם בְּגֵיא־מֶ֑לַחגֵיא־מֶ֑לַח שְׁנֵ֖ים עָשָׂ֣ר אָֽלֶף׃ ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PSA:909 # text = בְּהַצּוֹת֨וֹ ׀ אֶ֥ת אֲרַ֣מ נַהֲרַיִם֮ אֲרַ֣מ נַהֲרַיִם֮ וְאֶת־אֲרַ֪מ צ֫וֹבָ֥ה אֲרַ֪מ צ֫וֹבָ֥ה וַיָּ֤שָׁב יוֹאָ֗ב וַיַּ֣ךְ אֶת־אֱד֣וֹם בְּגֵיא־מֶ֑לַחגֵיא־מֶ֑לַח שְׁנֵ֖ים עָשָׂ֣ר אָֽלֶף׃ # verse = PSA.60.2 1-3 בְּהַצּוֹת֨וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=PSA_60:2!1|MId=o190600020011|Strong=0871a 2 הַצּוֹת נָצָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 0 root _ Gloss=struggled|Ref=PSA_60:2!1|MId=o190600020012|Strong=5327|Frame=AA:190600020013;A0:190600020031;190600020051;|Type=infinitive_construct 3 ֨וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=PSA_60:2!1|MId=o190600020013|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 4 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 3 punct _ Ref=PSA_60:2!1 5 אֶ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=PSA_60:2!2|MId=o190600020021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 6 אֲרַ֣מ אֲרַם PROPN _ _ 2 obj _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=PSA_60:2!3|MId=o190600020031 7 נַהֲרַיִם֮ נַהֲרַיִם PROPN _ _ 6 flat:name _ Ref=PSA_60:2!3 8 אֲרַ֣מ אֲרַם PROPN _ _ 6 nmod _ Gloss=Naharaim|Ref=PSA_60:2!4|MId=o190600020041 9 נַהֲרַיִם֮ נַהֲרַיִם PROPN _ _ 8 flat:name _ Ref=PSA_60:2!4 10-11 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_60:2!5|MId=o190600020051|Strong=2050b 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=PSA_60:2!5|MId=o190600020052|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12 אֲרַ֪מ אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 6 conj _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=PSA_60:2!6|MId=o190600020061 13 צ֫וֹבָ֥ה _ PROPN _ _ 12 flat:name _ Ref=PSA_60:2!6 14 אֲרַ֪מ צֹובָא PROPN _ _ 12 nmod _ Gloss=Zobah|Ref=PSA_60:2!7|MId=o190600020071 15 צ֫וֹבָ֥ה _ PROPN _ _ 14 flat:name _ Ref=PSA_60:2!7 16-17 וַיָּ֤שָׁב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_60:2!8|MId=o190600020081|Strong=2050b 17 יָּ֤שָׁב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.turned.back|Ref=PSA_60:2!8|MId=o190600020082|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:190600020071;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 יוֹאָ֗ב יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 17 nsubj _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=PSA_60:2!9|MId=o190600020091|Strong=3097 19-20 וַיַּ֣ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_60:2!10|MId=o190600020101|Strong=2050b 20 יַּ֣ךְ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 conj _ Gloss=he.struck.down|Ref=PSA_60:2!10|MId=o190600020102|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:190600020071;A0:190600020101;|Type=wayyiqtol 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=PSA_60:2!11|MId=o190600020111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 22 אֱד֣וֹם אֱדוֹם PROPN _ _ 20 obj _ Gloss=Edom|Ref=PSA_60:2!12|MId=o190600020121|Strong=0123 23-25 בְּגֵיא־מֶ֑לַחגֵיא־מֶ֑לַח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=in.[the]|Ref=PSA_60:2!13|MId=o190600020131|Strong=0871a 24 גֵיא־מֶ֑לַח גֵּיא־מֶלַח PROPN _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=Valley|Ref=PSA_60:2!13|MId=o190600020132 25 גֵיא־מֶ֑לַח מֶלַח PROPN _ _ 24 nmod _ Gloss=of.Salt|Ref=PSA_60:2!14|MId=o190600020141 26 שְׁנֵ֖ים שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 22 appos _ Gloss=two.plus|Ref=PSA_60:2!15|MId=o190600020151|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 27 עָשָׂ֣ר עָשָׂר NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 flat _ Gloss=ten|Ref=PSA_60:2!16|MId=o190600020161|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 28 אָֽלֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 26 flat _ Gloss=thousand|Ref=PSA_60:2!17|MId=o190600020171|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=PSA_60:2!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַצּוֹת *struggled* | infinitive construct · hiphil | אֲרַמ *Aram* + וְ *and* | | | וֹ *he* | | יָּשָׁב *he turned back* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲרַמ *Zobah* | | | | | יַּךְ *he struck down* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | וַ *and* | | | אֲרַמ *Zobah* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} כַּד כְּנַשׁ דָוִד מַשִׁרְיָן וַעֲבַר עַל אַיְגַר סַהֲדוּתָא וַאֲגִיחַ עִם אֲרַם דִי עִם צוֹבָא וּמִן בָּתַר כֵּן תָּב יוֹאָב וּמְחָא יַת אֱדוֹמָאֵי בְּמִישׁוֹר מִלְחָא וּנְפַלוּ מִן חֵילֵיהוֹן דְדָוִד וְיוֹאָב תְּרֵיסַר אַלְפִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. No English sentence begins in this verse: its words are in the sentence of the verse before. **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PSA:909`. - ← previous: [Psalms 60:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.60.1/) - next →: [Psalms 60:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.60.3/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 60](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/60/)