--- title: Psalms 66:12 — Thou hast caused men to ride over our heads; we went through fire an… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Thou hast caused men to ride over our heads; we went through fire and through water; but Thou didst bring us out unto abundance. Who acts: Thou, men, we. Psalms 66:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.66.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 66](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/66/) / 66:12 # Psalms 66:12 תְּהִלִּים **Who acts:** Thou, men, we · **What happens:** cause, ride, go, bring out · **To what, where:** men, heads, fire, us This is Psalms 66:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou, men, we — and what happens in the verse to men, heads, fire, us, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הִרְכַּ֥בְתָּ אֱנ֗וֹשׁ לְרֹ֫אשֵׁ֥נוּ בָּֽאנוּ־בָאֵ֥שׁ וּבַמַּ֑יִם וַ֝תּוֹצִיאֵ֗נוּ לָֽרְוָיָֽה׃ [Thou hast caused men to ride over our heads; we went through fire and through water; but Thou didst bring us out unto abundance.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.1071/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PSA:992 # text = הִרְכַּ֥בְתָּ אֱנ֗וֹשׁ לְרֹ֫אשֵׁ֥נוּ בָּֽאנוּ־בָאֵ֥שׁ וּבַמַּ֑יִם וַ֝תּוֹצִיאֵ֗נוּ לָֽרְוָיָֽה׃ # verse = PSA.66.12 1 הִרְכַּ֥בְתָּ רָכַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.have.made.ride|Ref=PSA_66:12!1|MId=o190660120011|Strong=7392|Frame=AA:190660100031;A0:190660120021;|Type=qatal 2 אֱנ֗וֹשׁ אֱנוֹשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obj _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=PSA_66:12!2|MId=o190660120021|Strong=0582 3-5 לְרֹ֫אשֵׁ֥נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=PSA_66:12!3|MId=o190660120031|Strong=3807a 4 רֹ֫אשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obl _ Gloss=head|Ref=PSA_66:12!3|MId=o190660120032|Strong=7218 5 ֵ֥נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=PSA_66:12!3|MId=o190660120033|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 6 בָּֽאנוּ־ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 1 parataxis _ Gloss=we.have.gone|Ref=PSA_66:12!4|MId=o190660120041|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:190660050081;190660130062;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 7-9 בָאֵ֥שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=PSA_66:12!5|MId=o190660120051|Strong=0871a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=PSA_66:12!5|MId=o190660120051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 אֵ֥שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=PSA_66:12!5|MId=o190660120052|Strong=0784 10-13 וּבַמַּ֑יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_66:12!6|MId=o190660120061|Strong=2050b 11 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=PSA_66:12!6|MId=o190660120062|Strong=0871a 12 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=PSA_66:12!6|MId=o190660120062ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 מַּ֑יִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 conj _ Gloss=water|Ref=PSA_66:12!6|MId=o190660120063|Strong=4325 14-16 וַ֝תּוֹצִיאֵ֗נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ֝ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_66:12!7|MId=o190660120071|Strong=2050b 15 תּוֹצִיא יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 1 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=PSA_66:12!7|MId=o190660120072|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:190660100031;A0:190660120073;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 ֵ֗נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=have.brought.us.out|Ref=PSA_66:12!7|MId=o190660120073|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 17-19 לָֽרְוָיָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לָֽ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=PSA_66:12!8|MId=o190660120081|Strong=3807a 18 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=PSA_66:12!8|MId=o190660120081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 רְוָיָֽה רְוָיָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=saturation|Ref=PSA_66:12!8|MId=o190660120082|Strong=7310 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=PSA_66:12!8 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִרְכַּבְתָּ *you have made ride* | qatal · hiphil | אֱנוֹשׁ *a man* | | | | | בָּֽאנוּ־ *we have gone* | qatal · qal | | | | | | תּוֹצִיא *you* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֵנוּ *have brought us out* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אַמְאֵכְתָּנָא אַרְכֵּבְתָּא מָרֵי מְזוֹפִיתָא עַל רֵישָׁנָא דַנְתָּא יָתָנָא כְּדִי בְנוּרָא וּבְמוֹי וְאַפֵּקְתָּנָא לִרְוַחְתָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Thou hast caused men to ride over our heads; we went through fire and through water; but Thou didst bring us out unto abundance.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.1071/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PSA:992`. - ← previous: [Psalms 66:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.66.11/) - next →: [Psalms 66:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.66.13/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 66](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/66/)