--- title: Psalms 68:9 — The earth trembled, the heavens also dropped at the presence of God;… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The earth trembled, the heavens also dropped at the presence of God; even yon Sinai trembled at the presence of God, the God of Israel. Who acts: earth, heavens, Sinai. Psalms 68:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.68.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 68](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/68/) / 68:9 # Psalms 68:9 תְּהִלִּים **Who acts:** earth, heavens, Sinai · **What happens:** tremble, drop · **To what, where:** presence This is Psalms 68:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — earth, heavens, Sinai — and what happens in the verse to presence, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אֶ֤רֶץ רָעָ֨שָׁה ׀ אַף־שָׁמַ֣יִם נָטְפוּ֮ מִפְּנֵ֪י אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים זֶ֥ה סִינַ֑י מִפְּנֵ֥י אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [The earth trembled, the heavens also dropped at the presence of God; even yon Sinai trembled at the presence of God, the God of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.1098/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PSA:1017 # text = אֶ֤רֶץ רָעָ֨שָׁה ׀ אַף־שָׁמַ֣יִם נָטְפוּ֮ מִפְּנֵ֪י אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים זֶ֥ה סִינַ֑י מִפְּנֵ֥י אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = PSA.68.9 1 אֶ֤רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].earth|Ref=PSA_68:9!1|MId=o190680090011|Strong=0776 2 רָעָ֨שָׁה רָעַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.quaked|Ref=PSA_68:9!2|MId=o190680090021|Strong=7493|Frame=A0:190680090011;|Type=qatal 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=PSA_68:9!2 4 אַף־ אַף ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=PSA_68:9!3|MId=o190680090031|Strong=0637|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 5 שָׁמַ֣יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].heavens|Ref=PSA_68:9!4|MId=o190680090041|Strong=8064 6 נָטְפוּ֮ נָטַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.dropped|Ref=PSA_68:9!5|MId=o190680090051|Strong=5197|Frame=A0:190680090041;|Type=qatal 7-8 מִפְּנֵ֪י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=PSA_68:9!6|MId=o190680090061|Strong=4480 8 פְּנֵ֪י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 6 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=PSA_68:9!6|MId=o190680090062|Strong=6440 9 אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=PSA_68:9!7|MId=o190680090071|Strong=0430 10 זֶ֥ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 9 appos _ Gloss=this|Ref=PSA_68:9!8|MId=o190680090081|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 11 סִינַ֑י סִינַי PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Sinai|Ref=PSA_68:9!9|MId=o190680090091|Strong=5514 12-13 מִפְּנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=PSA_68:9!10|MId=o190680090101|Strong=4480 13 פְּנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 8 nmod _ Gloss=before|Ref=PSA_68:9!10|MId=o190680090102|Strong=6440 14 אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=PSA_68:9!11|MId=o190680090111|Strong=0430 15 אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 appos _ Gloss=the.God|Ref=PSA_68:9!12|MId=o190680090121|Strong=0430 16 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=PSA_68:9!13|MId=o190680090131|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 17 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=PSA_68:9!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | רָעָשָׁה *it quaked* | qatal · qal | אֶרֶץ *\[the\] earth* | | | | | נָטְפוּ *they dropped* | qatal · qal | שָׁמַיִם *\[the\] heavens* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} אַרְעָא אִתְרְגִישַׁת לְחוֹד שְׁמַיָא אַטִיפוּ טַלָא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ דֵין סִינַי סְלִיק תְּנָנֵיהּ כִּתְנָנָא דְאַתּוּנָא מִן קֳדָם דְאִתְגְלֵי עֲלוֹי יְיָ אֱלָהָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The earth trembled, the heavens also dropped at the presence of God; even yon Sinai trembled at the presence of God, the God of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.1098/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PSA:1017`. - ← previous: [Psalms 68:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.68.8/) - next →: [Psalms 68:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.68.10/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 68](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/68/)