--- title: Psalms 78:31 — When the anger of God went up against them, and slew of the lustieth… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: When the anger of God went up against them, and slew of the lustieth among them, and smote down the young men of Israel. Who acts: anger, God. Psalms 78:31 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.78.31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 78](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/78/) / 78:31 # Psalms 78:31 תְּהִלִּים **Who acts:** anger, God · **What happens:** go up, slew, smote down, anger · **To what, where:** young men This is Psalms 78:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — anger, God — and what happens in the verse to young men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאַ֤ף אֱלֹהִ֨ים ׀ עָ֘לָ֤ה בָהֶ֗ם וַֽ֭יַּהֲרֹג בְּמִשְׁמַנֵּיהֶ֑ם וּבַחוּרֵ֖י יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל הִכְרִֽיעַ׃ [When the anger of God went up against them, and slew of the lustieth among them, and smote down the young men of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.1358/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PSA:1258 # text = וְאַ֤ף אֱלֹהִ֨ים ׀ עָ֘לָ֤ה בָהֶ֗ם וַֽ֭יַּהֲרֹג בְּמִשְׁמַנֵּיהֶ֑ם וּבַחוּרֵ֖י יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל הִכְרִֽיעַ׃ # verse = PSA.78.31 1-2 וְאַ֤ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_78:31!1|MId=o190780310011|Strong=2050b 2 אַ֤ף אַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=the.anger|Ref=PSA_78:31!1|MId=o190780310012|Strong=0639 3 אֱלֹהִ֨ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.God|Ref=PSA_78:31!2|MId=o190780310021|Strong=0430 4 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 3 punct _ Ref=PSA_78:31!2 5 עָ֘לָ֤ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.went.up|Ref=PSA_78:31!3|MId=o190780310031|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:190780310012;|Type=qatal 6-7 בָהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=PSA_78:31!4|MId=o190780310041|Strong=0871a 7 ָהֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=PSA_78:31!4|MId=o190780310042|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 8-9 וַֽ֭יַּהֲרֹג _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַֽ֭ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_78:31!5|MId=o190780310051|Strong=2050b 9 יַּהֲרֹג הָרַג VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=he.killed|Ref=PSA_78:31!5|MId=o190780310052|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:190780310021;|Type=wayyiqtol 10-12 בְּמִשְׁמַנֵּיהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=PSA_78:31!6|MId=o190780310061|Strong=0871a 11 מִשְׁמַנֵּי מִשְׁמָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 obl _ Gloss=their.fat|Ref=PSA_78:31!6|MId=o190780310062|Strong=4924 12 הֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=ones|Ref=PSA_78:31!6|MId=o190780310063|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13-14 וּבַחוּרֵ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=PSA_78:31!7|MId=o190780310071|Strong=2050b 14 בַחוּרֵ֖י בָּחוּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obj _ Gloss=the.young.men|Ref=PSA_78:31!7|MId=o190780310072|Strong=0970 15 יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=PSA_78:31!8|MId=o190780310081|Strong=3478 16 הִכְרִֽיעַ כָּרַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=he.made.bow.down|Ref=PSA_78:31!9|MId=o190780310091|Strong=3766|Frame=AA:190780310021;A0:190780310072;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 17 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=PSA_78:31!9 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָלָה *it went up* | qatal · qal | אַף *the anger* | | | | | יַּהֲרֹג *he killed* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֱלֹהִים *of God* | | | | | הִכְרִֽיעַ *he made bow down* | qatal · hiphil | בַחוּרֵי *the young men* | | | אֱלֹהִים *of God* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וְרוּגְזָא דֶאֱלָהָא סְלִיקַת בְּהוֹן וּקְטִיל בְּגִבָּרֵיהוֹן וְעוּלֵימֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אַחְמִיט: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [When the anger of God went up against them, and slew of the lustieth among them, and smote down the young men of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.1358/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PSA:1258`. - ← previous: [Psalms 78:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.78.30/) - next →: [Psalms 78:32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.78.32/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 78](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/78/)