--- title: Psalms 9:16 — The nations are sunk down in the pit that they made; in the net whic… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The nations are sunk down in the pit that they made; in the net which they hid is their own foot taken. Who acts: nations. Psalms 9:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.9.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Psalms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/9/) / 9:16 # Psalms 9:16 תְּהִלִּים **Who acts:** nations · **What happens:** sink down, make, hide, take · **To what, where:** nations, pit, net, own foot This is Psalms 9:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — nations — and what happens in the verse to nations, pit, net, own foot, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 150 chapters of Psalms on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. טָבְע֣וּ ג֭וֹיִם בְּשַׁ֣חַת עָשׂ֑וּ בְּרֶֽשֶׁת־ז֥וּ טָ֝מָ֗נוּ נִלְכְּדָ֥ה רַגְלָֽם׃ [The nations are sunk down in the pit that they made; in the net which they hid is their own foot taken.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.111/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:PSA:103 # text = טָבְע֣וּ ג֭וֹיִם בְּשַׁ֣חַת עָשׂ֑וּ בְּרֶֽשֶׁת־ז֥וּ טָ֝מָ֗נוּ נִלְכְּדָ֥ה רַגְלָֽם׃ # verse = PSA.9.16 1 טָבְע֣וּ טָבַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.have.sunk|Ref=PSA_9:16!1|MId=o190090160011|Strong=2883|Frame=A0:190090160021;|Type=qatal 2 ג֭וֹיִם גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 nsubj _ Gloss=nations|Ref=PSA_9:16!2|MId=o190090160021|Strong=1471 3-4 בְּשַׁ֣חַת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=in.[the]|Ref=PSA_9:16!3|MId=o190090160031|Strong=0871a 4 שַׁ֣חַת שַׁחַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 obl _ Gloss=pit|Ref=PSA_9:16!3|MId=o190090160032|Strong=7845 5 עָשׂ֑וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 acl _ Gloss=[which].they.made|Ref=PSA_9:16!4|MId=o190090160041|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:190090160021;A1:190090160032;|Type=qatal 6-7 בְּרֶֽשֶׁת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=in.[the]|Ref=PSA_9:16!5|MId=o190090160051|Strong=0871a 7 רֶֽשֶׁת־ רֶשֶׁת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=net|Ref=PSA_9:16!5|MId=o190090160052|Strong=7568 8 ז֥וּ זוּ SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=PSA_9:16!6|MId=o190090160061|Strong=2098|Type=relative 9 טָ֝מָ֗נוּ טָמַן VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 7 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.had.hidden|Ref=PSA_9:16!7|MId=o190090160071|Strong=2934|Frame=A0:190090160021;A1:190090160052;|Type=qatal 10 נִלְכְּדָ֥ה לָכַד VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=it.has.been.caught|Ref=PSA_9:16!8|MId=o190090160081|Strong=3920|Frame=A1:190090160091;|Type=qatal 11-12 רַגְלָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 רַגְל רֶגֶל NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=foot|Ref=PSA_9:16!9|MId=o190090160091|Strong=7272 12 ָֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=PSA_9:16!9|MId=o190090160092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 12 punct _ Ref=PSA_9:16!9 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | טָבְעוּ *they have sunk* | qatal · qal | גוֹיִם *nations* | | | | | עָשׂוּ *\[which\] they made* | qatal · qal | גוֹיִם *nations* | שַׁחַת *pit* | | | | טָמָנוּ *they had hidden* | qatal · qal | גוֹיִם *nations* | רֶֽשֶׁת־ *net* | | | | נִלְכְּדָה *it has been caught* | qatal · niphal | | רַגְל *foot* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} טְבַעוּ עַמְמַיָא בְּשׁוּחֲתָא דַעֲבָדוּ בִּמְצַדְתָּא דְנָא כְּמַנוּ אִתְאֲחַדַת רִגְלֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The nations are sunk down in the pit that they made; in the net which they hid is their own foot taken.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/PSA.111/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:PSA:103`. - ← previous: [Psalms 9:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.9.15/) - next →: [Psalms 9:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.9.17/) - ↑ back to [Psalms 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA/9/)