--- title: Ruth 1:11 — And Naomi said: 'Turn back, my daughters; why will ye go with me? ha… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Naomi said: 'Turn back, my daughters; why will ye go with me? have I yet sons in my womb, that they may be your husbands? Who acts: Naomi, ye, I, daughters. Ruth 1:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ruth](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/1/) / 1:11 # Ruth 1:11 רוּת **Who acts:** Naomi, ye, I, daughters · **What happens:** say, turn back, go, have, be · **To what, where:** sons, womb, husbands · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ruth 1:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Naomi, ye, I, daughters — and what happens in the verse to sons, womb, husbands, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Ruth on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתֹּ֤אמֶר נָעֳמִי֙ שֹׁ֣בְנָה בְנֹתַ֔י לָ֥מָּה תֵלַ֖כְנָה עִמִּ֑י הַֽעֽוֹד־לִ֤י בָנִים֙ בְּֽמֵעַ֔י וְהָי֥וּ לָכֶ֖ם לַאֲנָשִֽׁים׃ [And Naomi said: 'Turn back, my daughters; why will ye go with me? have I yet sons in my womb, that they may be your husbands?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.12/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:RUT:10 # text = וַתֹּ֤אמֶר נָעֳמִי֙ שֹׁ֣בְנָה בְנֹתַ֔י לָ֥מָּה תֵלַ֖כְנָה עִמִּ֑י הַֽעֽוֹד־לִ֤י בָנִים֙ בְּֽמֵעַ֔י וְהָי֥וּ לָכֶ֖ם לַאֲנָשִֽׁים׃ # verse = RUT.1.11 1-2 וַתֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_1:11!1|MId=o080010110011|Strong=2050b 2 תֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=she.said|Ref=RUT_1:11!1|MId=o080010110012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:080010110021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 נָעֳמִי֙ נׇעֳמִי PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Naomi|Ref=RUT_1:11!2|MId=o080010110021|Strong=5281 4 שֹׁ֣בְנָה שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=go.back|Ref=RUT_1:11!3|MId=o080010110031|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:080010110041;|Type=imperative 5-6 בְנֹתַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְנֹת בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 4 parataxis _ Gloss=my.daughters|Ref=RUT_1:11!4|MId=o080010110041|Strong=1323 6 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=RUT_1:11!4|MId=o080010110042|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7-8 לָ֥מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לָ֥ לָמָה ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=|Ref=RUT_1:11!5|MId=o080010110051|Strong=3807a 8 מָּה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 9 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=RUT_1:11!5|MId=o080010110052|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 9 תֵלַ֖כְנָה הלך VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 4 parataxis _ Gloss=will.you.go|Ref=RUT_1:11!6|MId=o080010110061|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:080010110041;|Type=yiqtol 10-11 עִמִּ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=RUT_1:11!7|MId=o080010110071|Strong=5973 11 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=RUT_1:11!7|MId=o080010110072|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12-13 הַֽעֽוֹד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַֽ הֲ PART _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=RUT_1:11!8|MId=o080010110081|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 13 עֽוֹד־ עוֹד ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=still|Ref=RUT_1:11!8|MId=o080010110082|Strong=5750 14-15 לִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 ל לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=[belong].to|Ref=RUT_1:11!9|MId=o080010110091|Strong=3807a 15 ִ֤י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 parataxis _ Gloss=me|Ref=RUT_1:11!9|MId=o080010110092|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 16 בָנִים֙ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ Gloss=[do].sons|Ref=RUT_1:11!10|MId=o080010110101|Strong=1121 17-19 בְּֽמֵעַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בְּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=RUT_1:11!11|MId=o080010110111|Strong=0871a 18 מֵע מֵעִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 obl _ Gloss=inward.parts|Ref=RUT_1:11!11|MId=o080010110112|Strong=4578 19 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=RUT_1:11!11|MId=o080010110113|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְהָי֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_1:11!12|MId=o080010110121|Strong=2050b 21 הָי֥וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 25 cop _ Gloss=they.will.become|Ref=RUT_1:11!12|MId=o080010110122|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:080010110101;|Type=weqatal 22-23 לָכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 ל לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=RUT_1:11!13|MId=o080010110131|Strong=3807a 23 ָכֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=RUT_1:11!13|MId=o080010110132|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 24-25 לַאֲנָשִֽׁים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(into)|Ref=RUT_1:11!14|MId=o080010110141|Strong=3807a 25 אֲנָשִֽׁים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=husbands|Ref=RUT_1:11!14|MId=o080010110142|Strong=0376 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=RUT_1:11!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֹּאמֶר *she said* | wayyiqtol · qal | נָעֳמִי *Naomi* | | | | | שֹׁבְנָה *go back* | imperative · qal | בְנֹת *my daughters* | | | | | תֵלַכְנָה *will you go* | yiqtol · qal | בְנֹת *my daughters* | | | | | הָיוּ *they will become* | weqatal · qal | בָנִים *\[do\] sons* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וַאֲמַרַת נָעֳמִי תֻּבְנָא בְּרַתֵּי לְמָא תֵיזְלִין עִמִּי הַעוֹד כְּעַן אִית לִי וַלְדָא בִּמְעַי וִיהוֹן לְכוֹן לְגוּבְרִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Naomi said: 'Turn back, my daughters; why will ye go with me? have I yet sons in my womb, that they may be your husbands?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.12/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:RUT:10`. - ← previous: [Ruth 1:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.10/) - next →: [Ruth 1:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.12/) - ↑ back to [Ruth 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/1/)