--- title: Ruth 1:2 — And the name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his wife Naom… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his wife Naomi, and the name of his two sons Mahlon and Chilion, Ephrathites of Beth-lehem in Judah. And they came into the field of Moab, and continued there. Who acts: name, sons. Ruth 1:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 19 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ruth](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/1/) / 1:2 # Ruth 1:2 רוּת **Who acts:** name, sons · **What happens:** be, name, come, continue · **To what, where:** Elimelech, man, wife, two sons, field This is Ruth 1:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — name, sons — and what happens in the verse to Elimelech, man, wife, two sons, field, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Ruth on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְשֵׁ֣ם הָאִ֣ישׁ אֱ‍ֽלִימֶ֡לֶךְ וְשֵׁם֩ אִשְׁתּ֨וֹ נָעֳמִ֜י וְשֵׁ֥ם שְׁנֵֽי־בָנָ֣יו ׀ מַחְל֤וֹן וְכִלְיוֹן֙ אֶפְרָתִ֔ים מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֖חֶם בֵּ֥ית לֶ֖חֶם יְהוּדָ֑ה וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ שְׂדֵי־מוֹאָ֖ב וַיִּֽהְיוּ־שָֽׁם׃ [And the name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his wife Naomi, and the name of his two sons Mahlon and Chilion, Ephrathites of Beth-lehem in Judah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.2/) [And they came into the field of Moab, and continued there.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.3/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:RUT:1 # text = וְשֵׁ֣ם הָאִ֣ישׁ אֱ‍ֽלִימֶ֡לֶךְ וְשֵׁם֩ אִשְׁתּ֨וֹ נָעֳמִ֜י וְשֵׁ֥ם שְׁנֵֽי־בָנָ֣יו ׀ מַחְל֤וֹן וְכִלְיוֹן֙ אֶפְרָתִ֔ים מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֖חֶם בֵּ֥ית לֶ֖חֶם יְהוּדָ֑ה וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ שְׂדֵי־מוֹאָ֖ב וַיִּֽהְיוּ־שָֽׁם׃ # verse = RUT.1.2 1-2 וְשֵׁ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_1:2!1|MId=o080010020011|Strong=2050b 2 שֵׁ֣ם שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=the.name|Ref=RUT_1:2!1|MId=o080010020012|Strong=8034 3-4 הָאִ֣ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=RUT_1:2!2|MId=o080010020021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.man|Ref=RUT_1:2!2|MId=o080010020022|Strong=0376 5 אֱ‍ֽלִימֶ֡לֶךְ אֱלִימֶלֶךְ PROPN _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=[was].Elimelech|Ref=RUT_1:2!3|MId=o080010020031|Strong=0458 6-7 וְשֵׁם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_1:2!4|MId=o080010020041|Strong=2050b 7 שֵׁם֩ שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=the.name|Ref=RUT_1:2!4|MId=o080010020042|Strong=8034 8-9 אִשְׁתּ֨וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אִשְׁתּ אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.wife|Ref=RUT_1:2!5|MId=o080010020051|Strong=0802 9 ֨וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=RUT_1:2!5|MId=o080010020052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10 נָעֳמִ֜י נׇעֳמִי PROPN _ _ 5 conj _ Gloss=[was].Naomi|Ref=RUT_1:2!6|MId=o080010020061|Strong=5281 11-12 וְשֵׁ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_1:2!7|MId=o080010020071|Strong=2050b 12 שֵׁ֥ם שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ Gloss=the.name|Ref=RUT_1:2!7|MId=o080010020072|Strong=8034 13 שְׁנֵֽי־ שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 14 nummod _ Gloss=of.the.two|Ref=RUT_1:2!8|MId=o080010020081|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 בָנָ֣יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בָנָ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=sons|Ref=RUT_1:2!9|MId=o080010020091|Strong=1121 15 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=RUT_1:2!9|MId=o080010020092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 15 punct _ Ref=RUT_1:2!9 17 מַחְל֤וֹן מַחְלוֹן PROPN _ _ 5 conj _ Gloss=[was].Mahlon|Ref=RUT_1:2!10|MId=o080010020101|Strong=4248 18-19 וְכִלְיוֹן֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_1:2!11|MId=o080010020111|Strong=2050b 19 כִלְיוֹן֙ כִּלְיוֹן PROPN _ _ 17 conj _ Gloss=Kilion|Ref=RUT_1:2!11|MId=o080010020112|Strong=3630 20 אֶפְרָתִ֔ים אֶפְרָתִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 parataxis _ Gloss=Ephrathites|Ref=RUT_1:2!12|MId=o080010020121|Strong=0673|Type=gentilic 21-22 מִבֵּ֥ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=RUT_1:2!13|MId=o080010020131|Strong=4480 22 בֵּ֥ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 20 nmod _ Gloss=Bethlehem|Ref=RUT_1:2!13|MId=o080010020132 23 לֶ֖חֶם לֶחֶם PROPN _ _ 22 flat:name _ Ref=RUT_1:2!13 24 בֵּ֥ית בֵּית PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Bethlehem|Ref=RUT_1:2!14|MId=o080010020141 25 לֶ֖חֶם לֶחֶם PROPN _ _ 24 flat:name _ Ref=RUT_1:2!14 26 יְהוּדָ֑ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=RUT_1:2!15|MId=o080010020151|Strong=3063 27-28 וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_1:2!16|MId=o080010020161|Strong=2050b 28 יָּבֹ֥אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=they.came|Ref=RUT_1:2!16|MId=o080010020162|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:080010020022;080010020051;080010020091;|Type=wayyiqtol 29 שְׂדֵי־ שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 28 obl _ Gloss=the.region(s)|Ref=RUT_1:2!17|MId=o080010020171|Strong=7704|SpaceAfter=No 30 מוֹאָ֖ב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moab|Ref=RUT_1:2!18|MId=o080010020181|Strong=4124 31-32 וַיִּֽהְיוּ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_1:2!19|MId=o080010020191|Strong=2050b 32 יִּֽהְיוּ־ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=RUT_1:2!19|MId=o080010020192|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:080010020022;080010020051;080010020091;|Type=wayyiqtol 33 שָֽׁם שָׁם ADV _ _ 32 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=RUT_1:2!20|MId=o080010020201|Strong=8033|SpaceAfter=No 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=RUT_1:2!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּבֹאוּ *they came* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *the man* + אִשְׁתּ *his wife* + בָנָי *sons* | | | | | יִּֽהְיוּ־ *they were* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *the man* + אִשְׁתּ *his wife* + בָנָי *sons* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וְשׁוּם גַּבְרָא אֱלִימֶלֶךְ וְשׁוּם אִתְּתֵיהּ נָעֳמִי וְשׁוּם תְּרֵין בְּנוֹהִי מַחְלוֹן וְכִלְיוֹן אֶפְרָתִין רַבָּנִין מִן בֵּית לֶחֶם יְהוּדָה וַאֲתוֹ עַד חֲקַל מוֹאָב וַהֲווֹ תַּמָּן רוֹפִילִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his wife Naomi, and the name of his two sons Mahlon and Chilion, Ephrathites of Beth-lehem in Judah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.2/) 2. [And they came into the field of Moab, and continued there.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.3/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:RUT:1`. - ← previous: [Ruth 1:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.1/) - next →: [Ruth 1:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.3/) - ↑ back to [Ruth 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/1/)