--- title: Ruth 3:2 — And now is there not Boaz our kinsman, with whose maidens thou wast?… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And now is there not Boaz our kinsman, with whose maidens thou wast? Behold, he winnoweth barley to-night in the threshing-floor. Who acts: Boaz. Ruth 3:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.3.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ruth](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/3/) / 3:2 # Ruth 3:2 רוּת **Who acts:** Boaz · **What happens:** not be, winnow · **To what, where:** barley, threshing floor This is Ruth 3:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Boaz — and what happens in the verse to barley, threshing floor, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Ruth on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַתָּ֗ה הֲלֹ֥א בֹ֙עַז֙ מֹֽדַעְתָּ֔נוּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיִ֖ית אֶת־נַעֲרוֹתָ֑יו הִנֵּה־ה֗וּא זֹרֶ֛ה אֶת־גֹּ֥רֶן הַשְּׂעֹרִ֖ים הַלָּֽיְלָה׃ [And now is there not Boaz our kinsman, with whose maidens thou wast?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.51/) [Behold, he winnoweth barley to-night in the threshing-floor.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.52/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:RUT:46 # text = וְעַתָּ֗ה הֲלֹ֥א בֹ֙עַז֙ מֹֽדַעְתָּ֔נוּ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיִ֖ית אֶת־נַעֲרוֹתָ֑יו הִנֵּה־ה֗וּא זֹרֶ֛ה אֶת־גֹּ֥רֶן הַשְּׂעֹרִ֖ים הַלָּֽיְלָה׃ # verse = RUT.3.2 1-2 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_3:2!1|MId=o080030020011|Strong=2050b 2 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=RUT_3:2!1|MId=o080030020012|Strong=6258 3-4 הֲלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 6 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=RUT_3:2!2|MId=o080030020021|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 4 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 6 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=RUT_3:2!2|MId=o080030020022|Strong=3808|Type=negative 5 בֹ֙עַז֙ בֹּעַז PROPN _ _ 6 nsubj _ Gloss=[is].Boaz|Ref=RUT_3:2!3|MId=o080030020031|Strong=1162 6-7 מֹֽדַעְתָּ֔נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 מֹֽדַעְתּ מֹדַעַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=relative|Ref=RUT_3:2!4|MId=o080030020041|Strong=4130 7 ָ֔נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=RUT_3:2!4|MId=o080030020042|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 8 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=RUT_3:2!5|MId=o080030020051|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9 הָיִ֖ית הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 11 cop _ Gloss=you.were|Ref=RUT_3:2!6|MId=o080030020061|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:080030010051;|Type=qatal 10 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=RUT_3:2!7|MId=o080030020071|Strong=0854|SpaceAfter=No 11-12 נַעֲרוֹתָ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 נַעֲרוֹתָ֑י נַעֲרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 6 acl:relcl _ Gloss=servants|Ref=RUT_3:2!8|MId=o080030020081|Strong=5291 12 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his.female|Ref=RUT_3:2!8|MId=o080030020082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13 הִנֵּה־ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 15 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=RUT_3:2!9|MId=o080030020091|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 14 ה֗וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=RUT_3:2!10|MId=o080030020101|Strong=1931|Type=personal 15 זֹרֶ֛ה זָרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[will.be].winnowing|Ref=RUT_3:2!11|MId=o080030020111|Strong=2219|Frame=A0:080030020101;A1:080030020131;|Type=participle_active 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=RUT_3:2!12|MId=o080030020121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 17 גֹּ֥רֶן גֹּרֶן NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=the.threshing.floor|Ref=RUT_3:2!13|MId=o080030020131|Strong=1637 18-19 הַשְּׂעֹרִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=RUT_3:2!14|MId=o080030020141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 שְּׂעֹרִ֖ים שְׂעֹרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.barley(s)|Ref=RUT_3:2!14|MId=o080030020142|Strong=8184 20-21 הַלָּֽיְלָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=RUT_3:2!15|MId=o080030020151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 לָּֽיְלָה לַיְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=night|Ref=RUT_3:2!15|MId=o080030020152|Strong=3915 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=RUT_3:2!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיִית *you were* | qatal · qal | | | | | | זֹרֶה *\[will be\] winnowing* | participle active · qal | הוּא *he* | גֹּרֶן *the threshing floor* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וּכְעַן הֲלָא בּוֹעַז דְּאִשְׁתְּמוֹדַע לָנָא דַּהֲוֵית בְּחַקְלָא עִם עוּלֵימְתוֹי הָא הוּא מְבַדַּר יָת אִדַּר סְעוֹרִין בְּרוּחָא דִי בְּלֵילְיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And now is there not Boaz our kinsman, with whose maidens thou wast?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.51/) 2. [Behold, he winnoweth barley to-night in the threshing-floor.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.52/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:RUT:46`. - ← previous: [Ruth 3:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.3.1/) - next →: [Ruth 3:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.3.3/) - ↑ back to [Ruth 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/3/)