--- title: Ruth 3:4 — And it shall be, when he lieth down, that thou shalt mark the place… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it shall be, when he lieth down, that thou shalt mark the place where he shall lie, and thou shalt go in, and uncover his feet, and lay thee down; and he will tell thee what thou shalt do.' Who acts: Boaz, thou. Ruth 3:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.3.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ruth](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/3/) / 3:4 # Ruth 3:4 רוּת **Who acts:** Boaz, thou · **What happens:** lie down, mark, lie, go in, uncover, lay down · **To what, where:** place, feet, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ruth 3:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Boaz, thou — and what happens in the verse to place, feet, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Ruth on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וִיהִ֣י בְשָׁכְב֗וֹ וְיָדַ֙עַתְּ֙ אֶת־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִשְׁכַּב־שָׁ֔ם וּבָ֛את וְגִלִּ֥ית מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖יו וְשָׁכָ֑בְתְּ וְהוּא֙ יַגִּ֣יד לָ֔ךְ אֵ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעַשִֽׂין׃ [And it shall be, when he lieth down, that thou shalt mark the place where he shall lie, and thou shalt go in, and uncover his feet, and lay thee down; and he will tell thee what thou shalt do.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.54/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:RUT:48 # text = וִיהִ֣י בְשָׁכְב֗וֹ וְיָדַ֙עַתְּ֙ אֶת־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִשְׁכַּב־שָׁ֔ם וּבָ֛את וְגִלִּ֥ית מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖יו וְשָׁכָ֑בְתְּ וְהוּא֙ יַגִּ֣יד לָ֔ךְ אֵ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעַשִֽׂין׃ # verse = RUT.3.4 1-2 וִיהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וִ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_3:4!1|MId=o080030040011|Strong=2050b 2 יהִ֣י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 cop _ Gloss=let.it.be|Ref=RUT_3:4!1|MId=o080030040012|Strong=1961|Type=jussive 3-5 בְשָׁכְב֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=RUT_3:4!2|MId=o080030040021|Strong=0871a 4 שָׁכְב שָׁכַב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 0 root _ Gloss=he|Ref=RUT_3:4!2|MId=o080030040022|Strong=7901|Frame=A0:080030040023;|Type=infinitive_construct 5 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ Gloss=lies.down|Ref=RUT_3:4!2|MId=o080030040023|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6-7 וְיָדַ֙עַתְּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_3:4!3|MId=o080030040031|Strong=2050b 7 יָדַ֙עַתְּ֙ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 conj _ Gloss=you.will.take.note.of|Ref=RUT_3:4!3|MId=o080030040032|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:080030010051;A1:080030040052;|Type=weqatal 8 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=RUT_3:4!4|MId=o080030040041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 הַמָּקוֹם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=RUT_3:4!5|MId=o080030040051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 מָּקוֹם֙ מָקוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=place|Ref=RUT_3:4!5|MId=o080030040052|Strong=4725 11 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=where|Ref=RUT_3:4!6|MId=o080030040061|Strong=0834|Type=relative 12 יִשְׁכַּב־ שָׁכַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.will.lie.down|Ref=RUT_3:4!7|MId=o080030040071|Strong=7901|Frame=A0:080030030123;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 13 שָׁ֔ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=RUT_3:4!8|MId=o080030040081|Strong=8033 14-15 וּבָ֛את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_3:4!9|MId=o080030040091|Strong=2050b 15 בָ֛את בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 4 conj _ Gloss=you.will.go|Ref=RUT_3:4!9|MId=o080030040092|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:080030010051;|Type=weqatal 16-17 וְגִלִּ֥ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_3:4!10|MId=o080030040101|Strong=2050b 17 גִלִּ֥ית גָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 15 conj _ Gloss=you.will.uncover|Ref=RUT_3:4!10|MId=o080030040102|Strong=1540|Frame=A0:080030010051;A1:080030040111;|Type=weqatal 18-19 מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖י מַרְגְּלֹת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 17 obj _ Gloss=feet|Ref=RUT_3:4!11|MId=o080030040111|Strong=4772 19 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=RUT_3:4!11|MId=o080030040112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְשָׁכָ֑בְתְּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_3:4!13|MId=o080030040131|Strong=2050b 21 שָׁכָ֑בְתְּ שָׁכַב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 15 conj _ Gloss=you.will.lie.down|Ref=RUT_3:4!13|MId=o080030040132|Strong=7901|Frame=A0:080030010051;|Type=weqatal 22-23 וְהוּא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_3:4!14|MId=o080030040141|Strong=2050b 23 הוּא֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=RUT_3:4!14|MId=o080030040142|Strong=1931|Type=personal 24 יַגִּ֣יד נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.will.tell|Ref=RUT_3:4!15|MId=o080030040151|Strong=5046|Frame=AA:080030040142;A0:080030040191;|Type=yiqtol 25-26 לָ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 ל לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=RUT_3:4!16|MId=o080030040161|Strong=3807a 26 ָ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=RUT_3:4!16|MId=o080030040162|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 27 אֵ֖ת אֵת ADP _ _ 24 obj _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=RUT_3:4!17|MId=o080030040171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 28 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 29 mark _ Gloss=[that].which|Ref=RUT_3:4!18|MId=o080030040181|Strong=0834|Type=relative 29-30 תַּעַשִֽׂין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 תַּעַשִֽׂי עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 27 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you|Ref=RUT_3:4!19|MId=o080030040191|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:080030010051;|Type=yiqtol 30 ן נ X _ _ 29 nmod _ Gloss=will.do|Ref=RUT_3:4!19|MId=o080030040192|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=RUT_3:4!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שָׁכְב *he* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ *lies down* | | | | | יָדַעַתְּ *you will take note of* | weqatal · qal | | מָּקוֹם *place* | | | | יִשְׁכַּב־ *he will lie down* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | בָאת *you will go* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | גִלִּית *you will uncover* | weqatal · piel | | מַרְגְּלֹתָי *feet* | | | | שָׁכָבְתְּ *you will lie down* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | יַגִּיד *he will tell* | yiqtol · hiphil | תַּעַשִֽׂי *you* | | | הוּא *he* | | תַּעַשִֽׂי *you* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וִיהֵי בְּעִדָּן מִשְׁכְּבֵי דִּמְכֵיהּ וְתִדְּעִין יָת אַתְרָא דְּיִדְמוּךְ תַּמָּן וְתֵיעֲלִין וּתְגַלִּיאִי יָת רַגְלוֹי וְתִדְמוּכִי וּתְהֵא שָׁאֲלָה מִנֵּיהּ עֵיטָא וְהוּא יְחַוֵּי לִיךְ בְּחָכְמְתֵיהּ יַת דִי תַעַבְדוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it shall be, when he lieth down, that thou shalt mark the place where he shall lie, and thou shalt go in, and uncover his feet, and lay thee down; and he will tell thee what thou shalt do.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.54/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:RUT:48`. - ← previous: [Ruth 3:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.3.3/) - next →: [Ruth 3:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.3.5/) - ↑ back to [Ruth 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/3/)