--- title: Ruth 4:15 — And he shall be unto thee a restorer of life, and a nourisher of thi… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he shall be unto thee a restorer of life, and a nourisher of thine old age; for thy daughter-in-law, who loveth thee, who is better to thee than seven sons, hath borne him.' Who acts: LORD, daughter. Ruth 4:15 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.4.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ruth](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/4/) / 4:15 # Ruth 4:15 רוּת **Who acts:** LORD, daughter · **What happens:** be, love, borne · **To what, where:** restorer, thee, LORD This is Ruth 4:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, daughter — and what happens in the verse to restorer, thee, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Ruth on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהָ֤יָה לָךְ֙ לְמֵשִׁ֣יב נֶ֔פֶשׁ וּלְכַלְכֵּ֖ל אֶת־שֵׂיבָתֵ֑ךְ כִּ֣י כַלָּתֵ֤ךְ אֲ‍ֽשֶׁר־אֲהֵבַ֙תֶךְ֙ יְלָדַ֔תּוּ אֲשֶׁר־הִיא֙ ט֣וֹבָה לָ֔ךְ מִשִּׁבְעָ֖ה בָּנִֽים׃ [And he shall be unto thee a restorer of life, and a nourisher of thine old age; for thy daughter-in-law, who loveth thee, who is better to thee than seven sons, hath borne him.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.86/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:RUT:77 # text = וְהָ֤יָה לָךְ֙ לְמֵשִׁ֣יב נֶ֔פֶשׁ וּלְכַלְכֵּ֖ל אֶת־שֵׂיבָתֵ֑ךְ כִּ֣י כַלָּתֵ֤ךְ אֲ‍ֽשֶׁר־אֲהֵבַ֙תֶךְ֙ יְלָדַ֔תּוּ אֲשֶׁר־הִיא֙ ט֣וֹבָה לָ֔ךְ מִשִּׁבְעָ֖ה בָּנִֽים׃ # verse = RUT.4.15 1-2 וְהָ֤יָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_4:15!1|MId=o080040150011|Strong=2050b 2 הָ֤יָה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 cop _ Gloss=he.will.become|Ref=RUT_4:15!1|MId=o080040150012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:080040140111;|Type=weqatal 3-4 לָךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ל לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=RUT_4:15!2|MId=o080040150021|Strong=3807a 4 ָךְ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=RUT_4:15!2|MId=o080040150022|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 5-6 לְמֵשִׁ֣יב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(into).[one|Ref=RUT_4:15!3|MId=o080040150031|Strong=3807a 6 מֵשִׁ֣יב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=who].restores|Ref=RUT_4:15!3|MId=o080040150032|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:080040140111;A0:080040150041;|Type=participle_active 7 נֶ֔פֶשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=life|Ref=RUT_4:15!4|MId=o080040150041|Strong=5315 8-10 וּלְכַלְכֵּ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_4:15!5|MId=o080040150051|Strong=2050b 9 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=RUT_4:15!5|MId=o080040150052|Strong=3807a 10 כַלְכֵּ֖ל כּוּל VERB _ HebBinyan=PILPEL 6 conj _ Gloss=sustain|Ref=RUT_4:15!5|MId=o080040150053|Strong=3557|Frame=A0:080040140111;A1:080040150071;|Type=infinitive_construct 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=RUT_4:15!6|MId=o080040150061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 שֵׂיבָתֵ֑ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 שֵׂיבָת שֵׂיבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=age|Ref=RUT_4:15!7|MId=o080040150071|Strong=7872 13 ֵ֑ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your.old|Ref=RUT_4:15!7|MId=o080040150072|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 14 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=RUT_4:15!8|MId=o080040150081|Strong=3588 15-16 כַלָּתֵ֤ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 כַלָּת כַּלָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ Gloss=daughter-in-law|Ref=RUT_4:15!9|MId=o080040150091|Strong=3618 16 ֵ֤ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=RUT_4:15!9|MId=o080040150092|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 17 אֲ‍ֽשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=RUT_4:15!10|MId=o080040150101|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 אֲהֵבַ֙תֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אֲהֵבַ֙ת אָהֵב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 acl:relcl _ Gloss=she|Ref=RUT_4:15!11|MId=o080040150111|Strong=0157|Frame=A0:080040150091;A1:080040150112;|Type=qatal 19 ֶךְ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ Gloss=loves.you|Ref=RUT_4:15!11|MId=o080040150112|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 20-21 יְלָדַ֔תּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 יְלָדַ֔תּ יָלַד VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 advcl _ Gloss=she|Ref=RUT_4:15!12|MId=o080040150121|Strong=3205|Frame=A0:080040150091;A1:080040150122;|Type=qatal 21 וּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=has.given.birth.to.him|Ref=RUT_4:15!12|MId=o080040150122|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=RUT_4:15!13|MId=o080040150131|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 23 הִיא֙ הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ Gloss=she|Ref=RUT_4:15!14|MId=o080040150141|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 24 ט֣וֹבָה טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[is].good|Ref=RUT_4:15!15|MId=o080040150151|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 25-26 לָ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 ל לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=RUT_4:15!16|MId=o080040150161|Strong=3807a 26 ָ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=RUT_4:15!16|MId=o080040150162|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 27-28 מִשִּׁבְעָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=more|Ref=RUT_4:15!17|MId=o080040150171|Strong=4480 28 שִּׁבְעָ֖ה שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 nummod _ Gloss=than.seven|Ref=RUT_4:15!17|MId=o080040150172|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 29 בָּנִֽים בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 obl _ Gloss=sons|Ref=RUT_4:15!18|MId=o080040150181|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=RUT_4:15!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *he will become* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | מֵשִׁיב *who\] restores* | participle active · hiphil | נֶפֶשׁ *life* | | | | | כַלְכֵּל *sustain* | infinitive construct · pilpel | | שֵׂיבָת *age* | | | | אֲהֵבַת *she* | qatal · qal | כַלָּת *daughter-in-law* | ֶךְ *loves you* | | | | יְלָדַתּ *she* | qatal · qal | כַלָּת *daughter-in-law* | וּ *has given birth to him* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וִיהֵי לִיךְ לִמְקַיֵּם נְפַשׁ וּלְכַלְכָּלָא יָת סֵיבְתִיךְ בְּתַפְנוּקִּין אֲרוּם כַּלָתֵךְ דִי רְחִימִית יָתִיךְ יְלִדְתֵּיהּ דְּהִיא הֲוָת טָבְתָא לִיךְ בְּעִדָּן אַרְמְלוּתִיךְ מִסַּגִּיאִין בְּנִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he shall be unto thee a restorer of life, and a nourisher of thine old age; for thy daughter-in-law, who loveth thee, who is better to thee than seven sons, hath borne him.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.86/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:RUT:77`. - ← previous: [Ruth 4:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.4.14/) - next →: [Ruth 4:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.4.16/) - ↑ back to [Ruth 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/4/)