--- title: Ruth 4:3 — And he said unto the near kinsman: 'Naomi, that is come back out of… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he said unto the near kinsman: 'Naomi, that is come back out of the field of Moab, selleth the parcel of land, which was our brother Elimelech's; Who acts: kinsman, Naomi, parcel. Ruth 4:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.4.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ruth](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/4/) / 4:3 # Ruth 4:3 רוּת **Who acts:** kinsman, Naomi, parcel · **What happens:** say, come back, sell, be · **To what, where:** Naomi, field, parcel, brother · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Ruth 4:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — kinsman, Naomi, parcel — and what happens in the verse to Naomi, field, parcel, brother, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 4 chapters of Ruth on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לַגֹּאֵ֔ל חֶלְקַת֙ הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְאָחִ֖ינוּ לֶאֱלִימֶ֑לֶךְ מָכְרָ֣ה נָעֳמִ֔י הַשָּׁ֖בָה מִשְּׂדֵ֥ה מוֹאָֽב׃ [And he said unto the near kinsman: 'Naomi, that is come back out of the field of Moab, selleth the parcel of land, which was our brother Elimelech's;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.72/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:RUT:65 # text = וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לַגֹּאֵ֔ל חֶלְקַת֙ הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְאָחִ֖ינוּ לֶאֱלִימֶ֑לֶךְ מָכְרָ֣ה נָעֳמִ֔י הַשָּׁ֖בָה מִשְּׂדֵ֥ה מוֹאָֽב׃ # verse = RUT.4.3 1-2 וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=RUT_4:3!1|MId=o080040030011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=RUT_4:3!1|MId=o080040030012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:080040010111;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 לַגֹּאֵ֔ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=RUT_4:3!2|MId=o080040030021|Strong=3807a 4 ה הַ SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=the.kinsman|Ref=RUT_4:3!2|MId=o080040030021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 גֹּאֵ֔ל גָּאַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=redeemer|Ref=RUT_4:3!2|MId=o080040030022|Strong=1350|Type=participle_active 6 חֶלְקַת֙ חֶלְקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=the.portion|Ref=RUT_4:3!3|MId=o080040030031|Strong=2513 7-8 הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=RUT_4:3!4|MId=o080040030041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 שָּׂדֶ֔ה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.field|Ref=RUT_4:3!4|MId=o080040030042|Strong=7704 9 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=RUT_4:3!5|MId=o080040030051|Strong=0834|Type=relative 10-12 לְאָחִ֖ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=[belonged].to|Ref=RUT_4:3!6|MId=o080040030061|Strong=3807a 11 אָחִ֖י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 acl:relcl _ Gloss=brother|Ref=RUT_4:3!6|MId=o080040030062|Strong=0251 12 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=RUT_4:3!6|MId=o080040030063|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 13-14 לֶאֱלִימֶ֑לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=RUT_4:3!7|MId=o080040030071|Strong=3807a 14 אֱלִימֶ֑לֶךְ אֱלִימֶלֶךְ PROPN _ _ 11 nmod _ Gloss=Elimelech|Ref=RUT_4:3!7|MId=o080040030072|Strong=0458 15 מָכְרָ֣ה מָכַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=she.has.sold|Ref=RUT_4:3!8|MId=o080040030081|Strong=4376|Frame=A1:080040030031;A0:080040030091;|Type=qatal 16 נָעֳמִ֔י נׇעֳמִי PROPN _ _ 15 nsubj _ Gloss=Naomi|Ref=RUT_4:3!9|MId=o080040030091|Strong=5281 17-18 הַשָּׁ֖בָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=RUT_4:3!10|MId=o080040030101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 שָּׁ֖בָה שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 appos _ Gloss=she.returned|Ref=RUT_4:3!10|MId=o080040030102|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:080040030091;|Type=qatal 19-20 מִשְּׂדֵ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=RUT_4:3!11|MId=o080040030111|Strong=4480 20 שְּׂדֵ֥ה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.region|Ref=RUT_4:3!11|MId=o080040030112|Strong=7704 21 מוֹאָֽב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moab|Ref=RUT_4:3!12|MId=o080040030121|Strong=4124|SpaceAfter=No 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=RUT_4:3!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | מָכְרָה *she has sold* | qatal · qal | נָעֳמִי *Naomi* | חֶלְקַת *the portion* | | | | שָּׁבָה *she returned* | qatal · qal | נָעֳמִי *Naomi* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לְפָרִיקָא אַחְסָנַת חַקְלָא דִּלְאֲחוּנָא לֶאֱלִימֶלֶךְ זַבֵּינַת נָעֳמִי דְּתַבַת מֵחֲקַל מוֹאָב: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he said unto the near kinsman: 'Naomi, that is come back out of the field of Moab, selleth the parcel of land, which was our brother Elimelech's;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.72/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:RUT:65`. - ← previous: [Ruth 4:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.4.2/) - next →: [Ruth 4:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.4.4/) - ↑ back to [Ruth 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/4/)