--- title: Song of Songs 2:17 — Until the day breathe, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Until the day breathe, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved, and be thou like a gazelle or a young hart upon the mountains of spices. Who acts: day, shadows, you, thou. Song of Songs 2:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.2.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Song of Songs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG/2/) / 2:17 # Song of Songs 2:17 שִׁיר הַשִּׁירִים **Who acts:** day, shadows, you, thou · **What happens:** breathe, flee away, turn, be This is Song of Songs 2:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — day, shadows, you, thou — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 8 chapters of Song of Songs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. עַ֤ד שֶׁיָּפ֙וּחַ֙ הַיּ֔וֹם וְנָ֖סוּ הַצְּלָלִ֑ים סֹב֩ דְּמֵה־לְךָ֨דוֹדִ֜י לִצְבִ֗י א֛וֹ לְעֹ֥פֶר הָאַיָּלִ֖ים עַל־הָ֥רֵי בָֽתֶר׃ס [Until the day breathe, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved, and be thou like a gazelle or a young hart upon the mountains of spices.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/SNG.35/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:SNG:33 # text = עַ֤ד שֶׁיָּפ֙וּחַ֙ הַיּ֔וֹם וְנָ֖סוּ הַצְּלָלִ֑ים סֹב֩ דְּמֵה־לְךָ֨דוֹדִ֜י לִצְבִ֗י א֛וֹ לְעֹ֥פֶר הָאַיָּלִ֖ים עַל־הָ֥רֵי בָֽתֶר׃ס # verse = SNG.2.17 1 עַ֤ד עַד ADP _ _ 11 parataxis _ Gloss=until|Ref=SNG_2:17!1|MId=o220020170011|Strong=5704 2-3 שֶׁיָּפ֙וּחַ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 שֶׁ שֶׁ SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=SNG_2:17!2|MId=o220020170021|Strong=7578a|Type=relative 3 יָּפ֙וּחַ֙ פּוּחַ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.breathe|Ref=SNG_2:17!2|MId=o220020170022|Strong=6315|Frame=A0:220020170032;|Type=yiqtol 4-5 הַיּ֔וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=SNG_2:17!3|MId=o220020170031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 יּ֔וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ Gloss=day|Ref=SNG_2:17!3|MId=o220020170032|Strong=3117 6-7 וְנָ֖סוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=SNG_2:17!4|MId=o220020170041|Strong=2050b 7 נָ֖סוּ נוּס VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=they.will.flee|Ref=SNG_2:17!4|MId=o220020170042|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:220020170052;|Type=weqatal 8-9 הַצְּלָלִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=SNG_2:17!5|MId=o220020170051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 צְּלָלִ֑ים צֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=shadows|Ref=SNG_2:17!5|MId=o220020170052|Strong=6738 10 סֹב֩ סָבַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 11 parataxis _ Gloss=turn|Ref=SNG_2:17!6|MId=o220020170061|Strong=5437|Frame=A0:220020170091;|Type=imperative 11 דְּמֵה־ דָּמָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=be.like|Ref=SNG_2:17!7|MId=o220020170071|Strong=1819|Frame=A0:220020170091;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 12-15 לְךָ֨דוֹדִ֜י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 ל לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(for|Ref=SNG_2:17!8|MId=o220020170081|Strong=3807a 13 ְךָ֨ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ Gloss=yourself|Ref=SNG_2:17!8|MId=o220020170082|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 14 דוֹד דּוֹד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 dislocated _ Gloss=my.lover|Ref=SNG_2:17!9|MId=o220020170091|Strong=1730 15 ִ֜י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=SNG_2:17!9|MId=o220020170092|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 16-17 לִצְבִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(to).a|Ref=SNG_2:17!10|MId=o220020170101|Strong=3807a 17 צְבִ֗י צְבִי NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=gazelle|Ref=SNG_2:17!10|MId=o220020170102|Strong=6643a 18 א֛וֹ אוֹ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=or|Ref=SNG_2:17!11|MId=o220020170111|Strong=0176 19-20 לְעֹ֥פֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(to|Ref=SNG_2:17!12|MId=o220020170121|Strong=3807a 20 עֹ֥פֶר עֹפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=[the].fawn|Ref=SNG_2:17!12|MId=o220020170122|Strong=6082 21-22 הָאַיָּלִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=SNG_2:17!13|MId=o220020170131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 אַיָּלִ֖ים אַיָּל NOUN _ Number=Plur 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.deer(s)|Ref=SNG_2:17!13|MId=o220020170132|Strong=0354 23 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=SNG_2:17!14|MId=o220020170141|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 24 הָ֥רֵי הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 obl _ Gloss=the.mountains|Ref=SNG_2:17!15|MId=o220020170151|Strong=2022 25 בָֽתֶר בֶּתֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.ravine[s]|Ref=SNG_2:17!16|MId=o220020170161|Strong=1336|SpaceAfter=No 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=SNG_2:17!16|SpaceAfter=No 27 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=SNG_2:17!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּפוּחַ *it will breathe* | yiqtol · qal | יּוֹם *day* | | | | | נָסוּ *they will flee* | weqatal · qal | צְּלָלִים *shadows* | | | | | סֹב *turn* | imperative · qal | דוֹד *my lover* | | | | | דְּמֵה־ *be like* | imperative · qal | דוֹד *my lover* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} וּבִזְעֵירוּת יוֹמַיָּא עֲבַדוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל יָת עֶגְלָא דְּדַהְבָא וְאִסְתַּלַּקוּ עֲנָנֵי יְקָרָא דִי מְטַלְלִין עִלָּוֵיהוֹן וְאִשְׁתְּאַרוּ מְפוּרְסְמִין וְאִתְרוֹקַנוּ יָת תִּקּוּן זֵינֵיהוֹן דַּחֲקִיק בֵּיהּ שְׁמָא רַבָּא מְפָרַשׁ בְּשִׁבְעִין שְׁמָהָן וּבְעָא יְיָ לְהוֹבָדָא יָתְהוֹן מִן עָלְמָא אִלּוּלֵי דְּאִדְּכַר קֳדָמוֹי קְיָם דְּקַיֵּם בְּמֵימְרֵיהּ לְאַבְרָהָם לְיִצְחָק וּלְיַעֲקֹב דַּהֲווֹ קַלִּילִין בְּפוּלְחָנֵיהּ כְּטָבְיָא וּכְאוּרְזֵילָא דְּאַיָּלָא וְתִקְרוּבְתָּא דְקָרֵיב אַבְרָהָם יָת יִצְחָק בְּרֵיהּ בְּטוּר מוֹרִיָּה וּמִן קַדְמַת דְּנָא קָרֵיב תַּמָּן יָת קוּרְבָּנֵיהּ וּפַלֵּיג יָתְהוֹן בִּשְׁוֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Until the day breathe, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved, and be thou like a gazelle or a young hart upon the mountains of spices.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/SNG.35/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:SNG:33`. - ← previous: [Song of Songs 2:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.2.16/) - next →: [Song of Songs 3:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.3.1/) - ↑ back to [Song of Songs 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG/2/)