--- title: Song of Songs 2:3 — As an apple-tree among the trees of the wood, so is my beloved among… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: As an apple-tree among the trees of the wood, so is my beloved among the sons. Under its shadow I delighted to sit, and its fruit was sweet to my taste. Who acts: I, fruit, beloved, my. Song of Songs 2:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.2.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Song of Songs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG/2/) / 2:3 # Song of Songs 2:3 שִׁיר הַשִּׁירִים **Who acts:** I, fruit, beloved, my · **What happens:** be, delight, sit, shadow, taste · **To what, where:** beloved, shadow This is Song of Songs 2:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, fruit, beloved, my — and what happens in the verse to beloved, shadow, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 8 chapters of Song of Songs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כְּתַפּ֙וּחַ֙ בַּעֲצֵ֣י הַיַּ֔עַר כֵּ֥ן דּוֹדִ֖י בֵּ֣ין הַבָּנִ֑ים בְּצִלּוֹ֙ חִמַּ֣דְתִּי וְיָשַׁ֔בְתִּי וּפִרְי֖וֹ מָת֥וֹק לְחִכִּֽי׃ [As an apple-tree among the trees of the wood, so is my beloved among the sons.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/SNG.19/) [Under its shadow I delighted to sit, and its fruit was sweet to my taste.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/SNG.20/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:SNG:19 # text = כְּתַפּ֙וּחַ֙ בַּעֲצֵ֣י הַיַּ֔עַר כֵּ֥ן דּוֹדִ֖י בֵּ֣ין הַבָּנִ֑ים בְּצִלּוֹ֙ חִמַּ֣דְתִּי וְיָשַׁ֔בְתִּי וּפִרְי֖וֹ מָת֥וֹק לְחִכִּֽי׃ # verse = SNG.2.3 1-2 כְּתַפּ֙וּחַ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=SNG_2:3!1|MId=o220020030011|Strong=3509a 2 תַפּ֙וּחַ֙ תַּפּוּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=an.apple.tree|Ref=SNG_2:3!1|MId=o220020030012|Strong=8598 3-4 בַּעֲצֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=SNG_2:3!2|MId=o220020030021|Strong=0871a 4 עֲצֵ֣י עֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nmod _ Gloss=the.trees|Ref=SNG_2:3!2|MId=o220020030022|Strong=6086 5-6 הַיַּ֔עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=SNG_2:3!3|MId=o220020030031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 יַּ֔עַר יַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.forest|Ref=SNG_2:3!3|MId=o220020030032|Strong=3293 7 כֵּ֥ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=[is].so|Ref=SNG_2:3!4|MId=o220020030041|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 8-9 דּוֹדִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 דּוֹד דּוֹד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=lover|Ref=SNG_2:3!5|MId=o220020030051|Strong=1730 9 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=SNG_2:3!5|MId=o220020030052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 10 בֵּ֣ין בֵּין ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=between|Ref=SNG_2:3!6|MId=o220020030061|Strong=0996 11-12 הַבָּנִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=SNG_2:3!7|MId=o220020030071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 בָּנִ֑ים בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=sons|Ref=SNG_2:3!7|MId=o220020030072|Strong=1121 13-15 בְּצִלּוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=SNG_2:3!8|MId=o220020030081|Strong=0871a 14 צִלּ צֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=shade|Ref=SNG_2:3!8|MId=o220020030082|Strong=6738 15 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=SNG_2:3!8|MId=o220020030083|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16 חִמַּ֣דְתִּי חָמַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 7 parataxis _ Gloss=I.desired|Ref=SNG_2:3!9|MId=o220020030091|Strong=2530|Frame=A0:220020020051;|Type=qatal 17-18 וְיָשַׁ֔בְתִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=SNG_2:3!10|MId=o220020030101|Strong=2050b 18 יָשַׁ֔בְתִּי יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 16 conj _ Gloss=I.sat|Ref=SNG_2:3!10|MId=o220020030102|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:220020020051;|Type=qatal 19-21 וּפִרְי֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=SNG_2:3!11|MId=o220020030111|Strong=2050b 20 פִרְי פְּרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=fruit|Ref=SNG_2:3!11|MId=o220020030112|Strong=6529 21 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=SNG_2:3!11|MId=o220020030113|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22 מָת֥וֹק מָתוֹק ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 conj _ Gloss=[was].sweet|Ref=SNG_2:3!12|MId=o220020030121|Strong=4966|Type=adjective 23-25 לְחִכִּֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=SNG_2:3!13|MId=o220020030131|Strong=3807a 24 חִכּ חֵךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=palate|Ref=SNG_2:3!13|MId=o220020030132|Strong=2441 25 ִֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=SNG_2:3!13|MId=o220020030133|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=SNG_2:3!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | חִמַּדְתִּי *I desired* | qatal · piel | | | | | | יָשַׁבְתִּי *I sat* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} הֵיכְמָא דְּיָאֵי וּמְשׁוּבַּח אֶתְּרוֹגָא בֵּינֵי אִילַנֵי סְרָק וְכוּלֵּי עָלְמָא מוֹדְעִין יָתֵיהּ כֵּן רִבּוֹן כָּל עָלְמָא הֲוָה מְשַׁבֵּח בֵּינֵי מַלְאֲכַיָּא בְּעִדָּן דְּאִתְגְּלִי עַל טוּרָא דְּסִינַי בִּזְמָן דִּיהַב אוֹרָיְתָא לְעַמֵּיהּ בְּהַהִיא שָׁעְתָא בִּטְלַל שְׁכִינְתֵיהּ רַגֵּיגִית לְמִתַּב וּפִתְגָמֵי אוֹרָיְתֵיהּ בְּסִימָן עַל מוֹרִיגִי וּשְׂכַר פִּקּוֹדוֹי נְטִירִין לִי לְעָלְמָא דְּאָתֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [As an apple-tree among the trees of the wood, so is my beloved among the sons.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/SNG.19/) 2. [Under its shadow I delighted to sit, and its fruit was sweet to my taste.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/SNG.20/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:SNG:19`. - ← previous: [Song of Songs 2:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.2.2/) - next →: [Song of Songs 2:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.2.4/) - ↑ back to [Song of Songs 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG/2/)