--- title: Song of Songs 3:4 — Scarce had I passed from them, when I found him whom my soul loveth:… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Scarce had I passed from them, when I found him whom my soul loveth: I held him, and would not let him go, until I had brought him into my mother's house, and into the chamber of her that conceived me. Who acts: I, soul, chamber. Song of Songs 3:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, the Targum, JPS --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.3.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Song of Songs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG/3/) / 3:4 # Song of Songs 3:4 שִׁיר הַשִּׁירִים **Who acts:** I, soul, chamber · **What happens:** pass, find, love, hold, not let, go · **To what, where:** soul, house, me This is Song of Songs 3:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, soul, chamber — and what happens in the verse to soul, house, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 8 chapters of Song of Songs on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּמְעַט֙ שֶׁעָבַ֣רְתִּי מֵהֶ֔ם עַ֣ד שֶֽׁמָּצָ֔אתִי אֵ֥ת שֶׁאָהֲבָ֖ה נַפְשִׁ֑י אֲחַזְתִּיו֙ וְלֹ֣א אַרְפֶּ֔נּוּ עַד־שֶׁ֤הֲבֵיאתִיו֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ית אִמִּ֔י וְאֶל־חֶ֖דֶר הוֹרָתִֽי׃ [Scarce had I passed from them, when I found him whom my soul loveth: I held him, and would not let him go, until I had brought him into my mother's house, and into the chamber of her that conceived me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/SNG.39/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:SNG:37 # text = כִּמְעַט֙ שֶׁעָבַ֣רְתִּי מֵהֶ֔ם עַ֣ד שֶֽׁמָּצָ֔אתִי אֵ֥ת שֶׁאָהֲבָ֖ה נַפְשִׁ֑י אֲחַזְתִּיו֙ וְלֹ֣א אַרְפֶּ֔נּוּ עַד־שֶׁ֤הֲבֵיאתִיו֙ אֶל־בֵּ֣ית אִמִּ֔י וְאֶל־חֶ֖דֶר הוֹרָתִֽי׃ # verse = SNG.3.4 1-2 כִּמְעַט֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=SNG_3:4!1|MId=o220030040011|Strong=3509a 2 מְעַט֙ מְעַט ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 nmod _ Gloss=a.little|Ref=SNG_3:4!1|MId=o220030040012|Strong=4592 3-4 שֶׁעָבַ֣רְתִּי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 שֶׁ שֶׁ SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=SNG_3:4!2|MId=o220030040021|Strong=7578a|Type=relative 4 עָבַ֣רְתִּי עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 7 parataxis _ Gloss=I.had.passed.away|Ref=SNG_3:4!2|MId=o220030040022|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:220020140011;|Type=qatal 5-6 מֵהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=SNG_3:4!3|MId=o220030040031|Strong=4480 6 הֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=SNG_3:4!3|MId=o220030040032|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 7 עַ֣ד עַד ADP _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=until|Ref=SNG_3:4!4|MId=o220030040041|Strong=5704 8-9 שֶֽׁמָּצָ֔אתִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 שֶֽׁ שֶׁ SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=SNG_3:4!5|MId=o220030040051|Strong=7578a|Type=relative 9 מָּצָ֔אתִי מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 7 parataxis _ Gloss=I.found|Ref=SNG_3:4!5|MId=o220030040052|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:220020140011;A1:220030040072;|Type=qatal 10 אֵ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 9 obj _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=SNG_3:4!6|MId=o220030040061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 11-12 שֶׁאָהֲבָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 שֶׁ שֶׁ SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=[the|Ref=SNG_3:4!7|MId=o220030040071|Strong=7578a|Type=relative 12 אָהֲבָ֖ה אָהֵב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 acl:relcl _ Gloss=one].whom.it.loves|Ref=SNG_3:4!7|MId=o220030040072|Strong=0157|Frame=A0:220030040081;|Type=qatal 13-14 נַפְשִׁ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 נַפְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=self|Ref=SNG_3:4!8|MId=o220030040081|Strong=5315 14 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=SNG_3:4!8|MId=o220030040082|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15-16 אֲחַזְתִּיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 אֲחַזְתִּי אָחַז VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 7 parataxis _ Gloss=I|Ref=SNG_3:4!9|MId=o220030040091|Strong=0270|Frame=A0:220020140011;A1:220030040092;|Type=qatal 16 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=grasped.him|Ref=SNG_3:4!9|MId=o220030040092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17-18 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=SNG_3:4!10|MId=o220030040101|Strong=2050b 18 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=SNG_3:4!10|MId=o220030040102|Strong=3808|Type=negative 19-20 אַרְפֶּ֔נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 אַרְפּ רָפָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 7 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=SNG_3:4!11|MId=o220030040111|Strong=7503|Frame=AA:220020140011;A0:220030040112;|Type=yiqtol 20 ֶ֔נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ Gloss=let.him.go|Ref=SNG_3:4!11|MId=o220030040112|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 21 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 19 parataxis _ Gloss=until|Ref=SNG_3:4!12|MId=o220030040121|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 22-24 שֶׁ֤הֲבֵיאתִיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 שֶׁ֤ שֶׁ SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=SNG_3:4!13|MId=o220030040131|Strong=7578a|Type=relative 23 הֲבֵיאתִי בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 21 parataxis _ Gloss=I|Ref=SNG_3:4!13|MId=o220030040132|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:220020140011;A0:220030040133;|Type=qatal 24 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ Gloss=had.brought.him|Ref=SNG_3:4!13|MId=o220030040133|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=SNG_3:4!14|MId=o220030040141|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 26 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=SNG_3:4!15|MId=o220030040151|Strong=1004 27-28 אִמִּ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 אִמּ אֵם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.mother|Ref=SNG_3:4!16|MId=o220030040161|Strong=0517 28 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=SNG_3:4!16|MId=o220030040162|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 29-30 וְאֶל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=SNG_3:4!17|MId=o220030040171|Strong=2050b 30 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=SNG_3:4!17|MId=o220030040172|Strong=0413 31 חֶ֖דֶר חֶדֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 conj _ Gloss=the.room|Ref=SNG_3:4!18|MId=o220030040181|Strong=2315 32-33 הוֹרָתִֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הוֹרָת הָרָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=SNG_3:4!19|MId=o220030040191|Strong=2029|Frame=A1:220030040192;|Type=participle_active 33 ִֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the.one.who].conceived.me|Ref=SNG_3:4!19|MId=o220030040192|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=SNG_3:4!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָבַרְתִּי *I had passed away* | qatal · qal | | | | | | מָּצָאתִי *I found* | qatal · qal | | אָהֲבָה *one\] whom it loves* | | | | אָהֲבָה *one\] whom it loves* | qatal · qal | נַפְשׁ *self* | | | | | אֲחַזְתִּי *I* | qatal · qal | | ו *grasped him* | | | | **not** אַרְפּ *I* | yiqtol · hiphil | ֶנּוּ *let him go* | | | | | הֲבֵיאתִי *I* | qatal · hiphil | ו *had brought him* | | | | | הוֹרָת *of* | participle active · qal | | ִֽי *\[the one who\] conceived me* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## The Targum {#onkelos} כִּזְעֵיר צִבְחַר הֲוָה וְתָב יְיָ מִתְּקוֹף רוּגְזֵיהּ וּפַקֵּיד לְמֹשֶׁה נְבִיָּא לְמֶעֱבַד מַשְׁכַּן זִמְנָא וַאֲרוֹנָא וְאַשְׁרִי שְׁכִינְתֵּיהּ בְּגַוֵּיהּ וְעַמָּא בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל הֲווֹ מְקָרְבִין קוּרְבָּנֵיהוֹן וְעָסְקִין בְּפִתְגָמֵי אוֹרָיְתָא בְּאִדְּרוֹן בֵּית מִדְרַשָׁא דְּמֹשֶׁה רַבְּהוֹן וּבְקִיטוּנָא דִּיהוֹשֻׁעַ בַּר נוּן מְשֻׁמְשָׁנֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Scarce had I passed from them, when I found him whom my soul loveth: I held him, and would not let him go, until I had brought him into my mother's house, and into the chamber of her that conceived me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/SNG.39/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:SNG:37`. - ← previous: [Song of Songs 3:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.3.3/) - next →: [Song of Songs 3:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.3.5/) - ↑ back to [Song of Songs 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG/3/)