---
title: 1 Chronicles 4:40 (JPS 1917) — And they found fat pasture and good, and the land was wide, and quie… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they found fat pasture and good, and the land was wide, and quiet, and peaceable; for they that dwelt there aforetime were of Ham. Who acts: families, land. 1 Chronicles 4:40 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Chronicles 4:40 · JPS 1917

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And they found fat pasture and good, and the land was wide, and quiet, and peaceable; for they that dwelt there aforetime were of Ham.

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**Who acts:** families, land · **What happens:** find, be, dwell · **To what, where:** fat pasture

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This is 1 Chronicles 4:40 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (families, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:204
# text = And they found fat pasture and good, and the land was wide, and quiet, and peaceable; for they that dwelt there aforetime were of Ham.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	fat	fat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pasture	pasture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	peaceable	peaceable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
23	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
24	dwelt	dwell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
25	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	advmod	_	_
26	aforetime	aforetime	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
27	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Ham	Ham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	advcl	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | families *= family* | fat pasture |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pasture=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | past | the land |  |  |  |  | wide *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | the land *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** |  | the land *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **dwell** | past |  |  |  | there |  | aforetime *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **is** | past | families *= family* |  |  |  |  | of Ham | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַֽיִּמְצְא֤וּ מִרְעֶה֙ שָׁמֵ֣ן וָט֔וֹב וְהָאָ֙רֶץ֙ רַחֲבַ֣ת יָדַ֔יִם וְשֹׁקֶ֖טֶת וּשְׁלֵוָ֑ה כִּ֣י מִן־חָ֔ם הַיֹּשְׁבִ֥ים שָׁ֖ם לְפָנִֽים׃

[1 Chronicles 4:40: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.4.40/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:204` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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