---
title: 1 Chronicles 5:18 (JPS 1917) — The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh,… · tree and pragmatics
description: The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, as many as were valiant men, men able to bear buckler and sword, and to shoot with bow, and skilful in war, were forty and four thousand seven hundred and threescore, that were able to go forth to war. Who acts: sons. 1 Chronicles 
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.225/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/5/) / [5:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.5.18/) / JPS 1

# 1 Chronicles 5:18 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, as many as were valiant men, men able to bear buckler and sword, and to shoot with bow, and skilful in war, were forty and four thousand seven hundred and threescore, that were able to go forth to war.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sons · **What happens:** be, bear, shoot, go · **To what, where:** valiant men, buckler, forty, war

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Chronicles 5:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:225
# text = The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, as many as were valiant men, men able to bear buckler and sword, and to shoot with bow, and skilful in war, were forty and four thousand seven hundred and threescore, that were able to go forth to war.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Reuben	Reuben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Gadites	gadite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	14	compound	_	_
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	_
14	tribe	tribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Manasseh	Manasseh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	as	as	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
20	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
21	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
22	valiant	valiant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	advcl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	appos	_	_
26	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	bear	bear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	xcomp	_	_
29	buckler	buckler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	shoot	shoot	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	conj	_	_
36	with	with	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	bow	bow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
40	skilful	skilful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	conj	_	_
41	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	_
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
44	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	cop	_	_
45	forty	forty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
47	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	48	compound	_	_
48	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	45	conj	_	_
49	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	50	compound	_	_
50	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	45	conj	_	_
51	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
52	threescore	threescore	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	50	conj	_	_
53	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	56	punct	_	_
54	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	56	nsubj	_	_
55	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	56	cop	_	_
56	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	50	acl:relcl	_	_
57	to	to	PART	TO	_	58	mark	_	_
58	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	56	xcomp	_	_
59	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	58	advmod	_	_
60	to	to	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
61	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	obl	_	_
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	45	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the sons of Reuben and the Gadites and the half tribe of Manasseh *not said here* | valiant men |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bear** | to-infinitive | the sons of Reuben and the Gadites and the half tribe of Manasseh *not said here* | buckler and sword |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent buckler=Patient |
| 3 | **shoot** | to-infinitive | the sons of Reuben and the Gadites and the half tribe of Manasseh *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with bow | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with bow=Instrument |
| 4 | **is a** | past | the sons of Reuben and the Gadites and the half tribe of Manasseh | forty |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **go** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | war |  | forth *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to war=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בְּנֵֽי־רְאוּבֵ֨ן וְגָדִ֜י וַחֲצִ֥י שֵֽׁבֶט־מְנַשֶּׁה֮ מִן־בְּנֵי־חַיִל֒ אֲ֠נָשִׁים נֹשְׂאֵ֨י מָגֵ֤ן וְחֶ֙רֶב֙ וְדֹ֣רְכֵי קֶ֔שֶׁת וּלְמוּדֵ֖י מִלְחָמָ֑ה אַרְבָּעִ֨ים וְאַרְבָּעָ֥ה אֶ֛לֶף וּשְׁבַע־מֵא֥וֹת וְשִׁשִּׁ֖ים יֹצְאֵ֥י צָבָֽא׃

[1 Chronicles 5:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.5.18/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:225` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [1 Chronicles 5:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.224/)
- next →: [1 Chronicles 5:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.226/)
- ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 5:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.5.18/)