---
title: 1 Chronicles 10:13 (JPS 1917) — So Saul died for his transgression which he committed against the LO… · tree and pragmatics
description: So Saul died for his transgression which he committed against the LORD, because of the word of the LORD, which he kept not; and also for that he asked counsel of a ghost, to inquire thereby, Who acts: Saul. 1 Chronicles 10:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Chronicles 10:13 · JPS 1917

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So Saul died for his transgression which he committed against the LORD, because of the word of the LORD, which he kept not; and also for that he asked counsel of a ghost, to inquire thereby,

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**Who acts:** Saul · **What happens:** die, commit, not keep, ask, inquire, transgress · **To what, where:** transgression, LORD, counsel

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Chronicles 10:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Saul), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:471
# text = So Saul died for his transgression which he committed against the LORD, because of the word of the LORD, which he kept not; and also for that he asked counsel of a ghost, to inquire thereby,
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	Saul	Saul	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	transgression	transgression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obj	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	committed	commit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	against	against	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	17	case	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	obj	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
25	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
28	also	also	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
29	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	fixed	_	_
30	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
33	counsel	counsel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	ghost	ghost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	to	to	PART	TO	_	39	mark	_	_
39	inquire	inquire	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	advcl	_	_
40	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | past | Saul |  |  |  |  | for Saul's transgression; because the word of the LORD | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for transgression=Theme |
| 2 | **commit** | past | Saul | Saul's transgression |  |  |  | against the LORD | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **keep** | past | Saul | the LORD |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | Saul | counsel of a ghost |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent counsel=Recipient |
| 5 | **inquire** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | Saul *not said here* |  |  |  |  | thereby *property* | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **transgress** |  | Saul |  |  |  |  |  | nom transgression «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 7 | **word** |  |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּ֣מָת שָׁא֗וּל בְּמַֽעֲלוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָעַ֣ל בַּֽיהוָ֔ה עַל־דְּבַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־שָׁמָ֑ר וְגַם־לִשְׁא֥וֹל בָּא֖וֹב לִדְרֽוֹשׁ׃

[1 Chronicles 10:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.10.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:471` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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