---
title: 1 Chronicles 11:18 (JPS 1917) — And the three broke through the host of the Philistines, and drew wa… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the three broke through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Beth-lehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David; but David would not drink thereof, but poured it out unto the LORD, Who acts: three, well, David. 1 Chronicles 11:18 in JPS 1917 with its
---

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# 1 Chronicles 11:18 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the three broke through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Beth-lehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David; but David would not drink thereof, but poured it out unto the LORD,

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** three, well, David · **What happens:** break, draw, be, take, bring, not drink · **To what, where:** host, water, well, David

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Chronicles 11:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (three, well, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:490
# text = And the three broke through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Beth-lehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David; but David would not drink thereof, but poured it out unto the LORD,
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nsubj	_	_
4	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Philistines	Philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	well	well	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	Beth	Beth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	_
22	lehem	Beth-lehem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
26	by	by	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	acl:relcl	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
32	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	obj	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
36	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	obj	_	_
37	to	to	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	44	punct	_	_
40	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
41	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	44	nsubj	_	_
42	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	44	aux	_	_
43	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	44	advmod	_	_
44	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
45	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
47	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
48	poured	pour	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	44	conj	_	_
49	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	48	obj	_	_
50	out	out	ADP	RP	_	48	compound:prt	_	_
51	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
53	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	48	obl	_	_
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | past | the three |  |  | the host of the Philistines |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through host=Location |
| 2 | **draw** | past | the three *not said here* | water |  | the well of Beth lehem |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent water=Theme out well=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **is** | past | the well of Beth lehem |  |  |  |  | by the gate | tree rules |
| 4 | **take** | past | the three *not said here* | water |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 5 | **bring** | past | the three *not said here* | water | David |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to david=Destination |
| 6 | **not** **drink** | would | David |  |  |  |  | thereof *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **pour out** | past | David *not said here* | water |  |  |  | unto the LORD | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּבְקְע֨וּ הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֜ה בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ־מַ֙יִם֙ מִבּ֤וֹר בֵּֽית־לֶ֙חֶם֙בֵּֽית־לֶ֙חֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּשַּׁ֔עַר וַיִּשְׂא֖וּ וַיָּבִ֣אוּ אֶל־דָּוִ֑יד וְלֹֽא־אָבָ֤ה דָוִיד֙ לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֔ם וַיְנַסֵּ֥ךְ אֹתָ֖ם לַיהוָֽה׃

[1 Chronicles 11:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.11.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:490` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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