--- title: 1 Chronicles 12:1 (JPS 1917) — Now these are they that came to David to Ziklag, while he was yet sh… · tree and pragmatics description: Now these are they that came to David to Ziklag, while he was yet shut up because of Saul the son of Kish; and they were among the mighty men, his helpers in war. Who acts: these, they. 1 Chronicles 12:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.521/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/12/) / [12:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.1/) / JPS 1 # 1 Chronicles 12:1 · JPS 1917 Now these are they that came to David to Ziklag, while he was yet shut up because of Saul the son of Kish; and they were among the mighty men, his helpers in war. **Who acts:** these, they · **What happens:** be, come, shut up · **To what, where:** they, Ziklag, David This is 1 Chronicles 12:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (these, they), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1CH:521 # text = Now these are they that came to David to Ziklag, while he was yet shut up because of Saul the son of Kish; and they were among the mighty men, his helpers in war. 1 Now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 advmod _ _ 2 these this PRON DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 0 root _ _ 5 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 6 nsubj _ _ 6 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 acl:relcl _ _ 7 to to ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 9 to to ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 Ziklag Ziklag PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 12 while while SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 13 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj:pass _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux:pass _ _ 15 yet yet ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 shut shut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 advcl _ _ 17 up up ADP RP _ 16 compound:prt _ _ 18 because because ADP IN ExtPos=ADP 20 case _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 18 fixed _ _ 20 Saul Saul PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 appos _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 Kish Kish PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT : _ 32 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 27 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 28 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 32 cop _ _ 29 among among ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 mighty mighty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 34 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ _ 35 helpers helper NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 appos _ _ 36 in in ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 war war NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | these | they | | | now | | tree rules | | 2 | **come** | past | | | Ziklag | David | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to david=Initial\_Location to ziklag=Destination | | 3 | **shut up** | past · passive | | Ziklag | | | yet | because Saul | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 4 | **is** | past | they | | | | | among the mighty men | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְאֵ֗לֶּה הַבָּאִ֤ים אֶל־דָּוִיד֙ לְצִ֣יקְלַ֔ג ע֣וֹד עָצ֔וּר מִפְּנֵ֖י שָׁא֣וּל בֶּן־קִ֑ישׁ וְהֵ֙מָּה֙ בַּגִּבּוֹרִ֔ים עֹזְרֵ֖י הַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃ [1 Chronicles 12:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.1/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:521` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 11:47 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.520/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 12:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.522/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 12:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.1/)