---
title: 1 Chronicles 12:22 (JPS 1917) — And they helped David against the troop, for they were all mighty me… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they helped David against the troop, for they were all mighty men of valour, and were captains in the host. Who acts: Adnah. 1 Chronicles 12:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Chronicles 12:22 · JPS 1917

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And they helped David against the troop, for they were all mighty men of valour, and were captains in the host.

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**Who acts:** Adnah · **What happens:** help, be · **To what, where:** David, mighty men, captains, host

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This is 1 Chronicles 12:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Adnah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:542
# text = And they helped David against the troop, for they were all mighty men of valour, and were captains in the host.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	troop	troop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	all	all	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	advcl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	valour	valour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	captains	captain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | Adnah |  | David |  |  | against the troop | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent david=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Adnah | mighty men |  |  |  | of valour; all *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | past | Adnah *not said here* | captains |  | the host |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְהֵ֗מָּה עָזְר֤וּ עִם־דָּוִיד֙ עַֽל־הַגְּד֔וּד כִּֽי־גִבּ֥וֹרֵי חַ֖יִל כֻּלָּ֑ם וַיִּהְי֥וּ שָׂרִ֖ים בַּצָּבָֽא׃

[1 Chronicles 12:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.22/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:542` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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