---
title: 1 Chronicles 12:40 (JPS 1917) — And they were there with David three days, eating and drinking; for… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they were there with David three days, eating and drinking; for their brethren had made preparation for them. Who acts: men, brethren. 1 Chronicles 12:40 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Chronicles 12:40 · JPS 1917

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And they were there with David three days, eating and drinking; for their brethren had made preparation for them.

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**Who acts:** men, brethren · **What happens:** be, eat, drink, make · **To what, where:** preparation

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This is 1 Chronicles 12:40 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, brethren), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:560
# text = And they were there with David three days, eating and drinking; for their brethren had made preparation for them.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	drinking	drink	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
14	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
15	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	brethren	brethren	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	made	make	VERB	VBN	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
19	preparation	preparation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nmod	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | men *= man* |  |  |  | day | with David; there *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | gerund | men *= man* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **drink** | gerund | men *= man* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **make** | past · perfect | men's brethren | preparation |  |  |  | for men *= man* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent preparation=Product for they=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּהְיוּ־שָׁ֤ם עִם־דָּוִיד֙ יָמִ֣ים שְׁלוֹשָׁ֔ה אֹכְלִ֖ים וְשׁוֹתִ֑ים כִּֽי־הֵכִ֥ינוּ לָהֶ֖ם אֲחֵיהֶֽם׃

[1 Chronicles 12:40: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.12.40/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:560` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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