---
title: 1 Chronicles 14:9 (JPS 1917) — Now the Philistines had come and made a raid in the valley of Rephaim. · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the Philistines had come and made a raid in the valley of Rephaim. Who acts: Philistines. 1 Chronicles 14:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Chronicles 14:9 · JPS 1917

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Now the Philistines had come and made a raid in the valley of Rephaim.

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**Who acts:** Philistines · **What happens:** come, make · **To what, where:** raid, valley

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This is 1 Chronicles 14:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Philistines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:584
# text = Now the Philistines had come and made a raid in the valley of Rephaim.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Philistines	Philistines	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	raid	raid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Rephaim	Rephaim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past · perfect | the Philistines |  |  |  | now |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | participle | the Philistines *not said here* | a raid |  | the valley of Rephaim |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset raid=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים בָּ֑אוּ וַֽיִּפְשְׁט֖וּ בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃

[1 Chronicles 14:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.14.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:584` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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